524 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
as to have almost lost their shape, which were all placed against 
the sides of the vaults. These images do not appear to be at all the 
objects of adoration, but were probably intended as resemblances of 
those whose decease they indicate. 
Whymper (a) reports that the Kalosh Indians of Alaska construct 
eraye boxes or tombs which contain only the ashes of the dead. These 
people invariably burn the deceased. On one of the boxes he saw a 
number of faces painted, long tresses of human hair depending there- 
from. Each head represented a victim of the deceased man’s ferocity. 
Thus the pictures are not likenesses or totemic marks of the cremated 
Kalosh, but of enemies whom he had killed, being in the nature of 
trephies or proofs of valor. Fig. 733 is a reproduction of the illus- 
tration. 
Dall (¢) says of the Yukon Indians: 
Some wore hoops of birch wood around the neck and wrists, with various patterns 
and figures cut on them, These were said to be emblems of mourning for the dead. 
SS 
WN 
Fic. 733.—Kalosh graves. 
Dr. Franz Boas (/) gives the following account of the funeral customs 
practiced by the Snanaimugq, a Salish tribe: 
The face of the deceased is painted with red and black paint. * * * A chief’s 
body is put in a carved box and the front posts supporting his coffin are carved. His 
mask is placed between these posts. The graves of great warriors are marked by a 
statue representing a warrior with a wareclub, * * * After the death of hus- 
band or wife, the survivor must paint his legs and his blanket red. * * * At the 
end of the mourning peried the red blanket is given to an old man, who deposits it 
in the woods. 
Didron (a) speaks of emblems on tombstones: 
Even today, at Constantinople, in the cemetery of the Armenians, every tomb- 
stone is marked with the insignia of the profession followed by the defunct which 
the stone covers. For an Armenian tailor there is a pair of shears, thread, and 
needles; for a mason, hammer and trowel; for a shoemaker, a last, leather, and a 
leather cutter; for a grocer, a pair of scales; for a banker, pieces of money. It is 
the same with others. Among us [Frenchmen], in the middle ages, a compass, a 
rule, and square are engraved on the tomb of Hugues Libergier. In the cemetery 
of L’Est, at Paris, a palette indicates the grave of a painter, a chisel and hammer 
mark that of a sculptor. Animals are represented as talking and acting, masks 
grimace and smile, to announce in the same inclosure the tombs of La Fontaine and 
