628 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
in a red-stained mat, were deposited in a box or bowl, smeared with the sacred color, 
and placed inatomb. Near his final resting place a lofty and elaborately carved 
monument was erected to his memory; this was called he tiki, which was also thus 
colored. 
In former times the chief annointed his entire person with red ocher; when fully 
dressed on state occasions, both he and his wives had red paint and oil poured upon 
the crown of the head and forehead, which gave them a gory appearance, as though 
their skulls had been cleft asunder. 
Mr. 8S. Gason reports in Worsnop, op. cit. : 
_On the Cooper, Herbert, and Diamentina rivers of the North there are no paint- 
ings in caves, but in special corroborees the bodies of the leading dancers are beauti- 
fully painted with every imaginable color, representing man, woman, animals, birds, 
and reptiles, the outlines being nearly faultless, and in proportion, independent of 
the blending of the colors. 
These paintings take about seven or eight hours’ hard tedious work for two men, 
one in front, the other at the back of the man who is to be painted, and when these 
men who are painted display themselves, surrounded by bright fires and rude torches, 
it has an enchanting effect to the others. After the ceremony is over, the paintings 
ere allowed to be examined, and the artists congratulated or criticised. 
At the other ceremonies, after returning from ‘‘ Bookatoo” (red ocher expedition), 
they paint a few of their dancers with all the colors of the rainbow, the outlines 
showing all the principal species of snakes. They are well drawn and colored, and 
take many hours of labor to complete. 
These paintings of snakes are done for the purpose of having a good harvest of 
snakes. The women are not allowed to attend at this ceremony, as it is one of their 
strict secret dances. 
A few notes of other ceremonial and religious uses of color are pre- 
sented. 
Capt. John G. Bourke (7) says that the Moki employ the colors in 
prayers—yellow for pumpkins, green for corn, and red for peaches. 
Black and white bands are typical of rain, and red and blue bands, of 
lightning. 
In James’s Long (x), it is mentioned of the Omaha that the boy who 
goes to fast on the hill top to see his guardian spirit, as a preparation rubs 
his body over with whitish clay, but the same ceremonial among the 
Ouenebigonghelins near Hudson bay is described by Bacqueville de la 
Potherie (d), with the statement that the postulant paints his face black. 
Peter Martyr (a) says the natives of the Island of Hispaniola [Haiti] 
when attending a festival at the religious edifice, go in a procession 
having their bodies and faces painted in black, red, and yellow colors. 
Some had feathers of the parrot and other birds, with which they 
decorated themselves. The women had no decoration. 
Pénicaut’s Relation, A. D. 1704, in Margry (f), gives an account of 
decorations of the victims who die with the grand chief, or Sun of the 
Natchez. Their faces were painted vermilion, as the author says, ‘lest 
they by paleness should show their fear.” Though the practice may 
have thus originated as a mere expedient, red thus used would become 
in time a sacrificial color. 
But the color red can not always be deduced from such an origin. Itis 
connected with the color of fire and of blood. The Romans on great fes- 
