634 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
A Sioux warrior who is courting a squaw usually paints his eyes yellow ana blue 
and the squaw paints hers red. I haye known squaws to go through the painful 
operation of reddening the eye-balls, that they might appear particularly fascinating 
to the youngmen. A red stripe drawn horizontally from one eye to the other means 
that the young warrior has seen a squaw he could love if she would reciprocate his 
attachment. 
As narrated by H. H. Bancroft, the Los Angeles county Indian girls 
paint the cheeks sparingly with red ocher when in love. This also 
prevails among the Arikara, at Fort Berthold, Dakota. 
La Potherie (e) says that the Indian girls of a tribe near Hudson bay, 
when they have arrived at the age of puberty, at the time of its sign, 
daub themselves with charcoal or a black stone, and in far distant 
Yucatan, according to Bancroft (h), the young men restricted them- 
selves to black until they were married, indulging afterwards in varied 
and bright colored figures. 
The color green is chiefly used symbolically as that of grass, with refer- 
ence to which Father De Smet’s MS. on the dance of the Tinton Sioux 
contains these remarks: “Grass isthe emblem of charity and abundance; 
from it the Indians derive the food for their horses and it fattens the 
wild animals of the plains, from which they derive their subsistence.” 
Brinton (d) gives the following summary: 
Both green and yellow were esteemed fortunate colors by the Cakchiquels, the 
former as that of the flourishing plant, the latter as that of the ripe and golden ears 
of maize. Hence, says Coto, they were also used to mean prosperity. 
The color white, zak, had, however, by far the widest metaphorical uses. As the 
hue of light, it was associated with day, dawn, brightness, etc. 
Marshall (b) gives as the explanation why certain gracious official docu- 
ments are sealed with green that the color expresses youth, honor, 
beauty, and especially liberty. 
H. M. Stanley (a) gives the following use of white as a sign of inno- 
cence: “Qualla drew a piece of pipeclay and marked a broad white 
band running from the wrist to the shoulder along each arm of Ngalyema, 
as a sign to all men present that he was guiltless.” 
H. Clay Trumbull (a) says: 
The Egyptian amulet of blood friendship was red, as representing the blood of the 
gods. The Egyptian word for “red” sometimes stood for ‘‘blood.” The sacred 
directions in the Book of the Dead were written in red; hence follows our word 
“rubrics.” The rabbis say that, when persecution forbade the wearing of the phy- 
lacteries with safety, ared thread might be substituted for this token of the covenant 
with the Lord. It was a red thread which Joshua gave to Rahab as a token of her 
covenant relations with the people of the Lord. The red thread, in China, to-day, 
binds the double cup, from which the bride and bridegroom drink their covenant 
draught of ‘‘ wedding wine,” as if in symbolism of the covenant of blood. And it is_ 
a red thread which, in India, to-day, is used to bind a sacred amulet around the arm 
or the neck. * * * Upon the shrines in India the color red shows that worship 
is still living there; red continues to stand for blood. 
Mr. Mooney, in the Seventh Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 
shows that to the Cherokee the color blue signifies grief or depression of 
