660 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
sufficiently to show that the arrow penetrates to an unusual depth, 
which indicates the mass of fat, into the region of the 
buffalo’s respiratory organs, and therefore there is a 
discharge of blood not only from the point of entrance 
of the arrow, but from the nostrils of the animal. No 
device of an analogous character is 
found among five hundred of the Da- 
kotan pictographs studied, so that the 
; designation of abnormal fat is made 
Fic. 1068. evident. 
Fig. 1069.—They killed many Gros Ventres in a vil- 
lage which they assaulted. American-Horse’s Winter Hig. 1.063, 
Count, 183233. The single scalped head shows the killing. This 
conventional sign is so common as hardly to require notice. 
Fig. 1070, taken from Mrs. Eastman’s Da- 
MA, AG Ar & kota (¢), shows the Dakota pictograph tor 
“killed”: wis a woman and b aman killed, 
a b ec ad andcand da boy and girl killed. 
F1¢. 1070.—Killed, Dakota. ~ Fig, 1071, taken from Copway (9g), gives two 
characters which severally represent life and death, the 
black disk representing death and the simple circle life. ‘= pl 
In Doe. Hist. N. Y. (d), is the illustration now copied 
as Fig. 1072 with the statement that it shows the fashion p,q, 1071.—Life and 
of painting the dead among the Iroquois; the first two eth. Ojibwa. 
: are men and the third is a woman, 
who is distinguished only by the 
; waistcloth that she wears. 
The device is further explained by 
Fie, 1072.—Dead. Iroquois. the following paragraphs from the 
same volume, on p. 6, which add other details: 
When they have lost any men on the field of battle they paint the men with the 
legs in the air and without heads, and in the same number as they have lost; and to 
denote the tribe to which they belonged, they paint the animal of the tribe of the de- 
ceased on its back, the paws in the air, and if it be the chief of the party that is 
dead, the animal is without the head. 
If there be only wounded, they paint a broken gun which, however, is connected 
with the stock, or even an arrow, and to denote where they have been wounded, they 
paint the animal of the tribe to which the wounded belong with an arrow piercing 
the part in which the wound is located; and if it be a gunshot they make the mark 
of the ball on the body of a different color. 
Fig. 1073.—This is drawn by the Arikara for ‘dead man” 
( _ and perhaps suggests the concept of nothing inside, i. e., no 
life, with a stronger emphasis than given to “lean” in Fig. 
Ric. 1073. Dead 903, Supra. It must be noted, however, that the Hidatsa 
draw the same character for ‘ man” simply. 
La Salle, in 1680, wrote that when the Lroquois had killed people they 
made red strokes with the figure of a man drawn in black with ban- 
