682 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
tracing. The only color used appears to be red ocher. Many of the 
characters, as noticed upon the drawings, closely resemble those in New 
Mexico, at Ojo de Benado, south of Zuni, and in the canyon leading 
from the canyon at Stewart’s ranch, to the Kanab creek canyon, Utah. 
This is an indication of the habitat of the Shoshonean stock apart from 
the linguistic evidence with which it agrees. 
From the numerous illustrations furnished of petroglyphs found in 
Owens valley. California, reference is here made to Pl. 11 a, Pl. m1 h, 
and Pl. vit a as presenting suggestive similarity to the Shoshonean 
forms above noted, and apparently connecting them with others in New 
Mexico, Arizona, Sonora, and Central and South America. 
Mr. F. H. Cushing (a) figured three petroglyphs, now reproduced in 
Figs. 1095 and 1096, from Arizona, and referred to them in connection 
with figurines found in the ruined city of Los Muertos, in the Salado 
valley, as follows: 
Beneath the floor of the first one of these huts which we excavated, near the 
ranch of Mr. George Kay Miller, were discovered, disposed precisely as would be a 
modern sacrifice of the kind in Zuni, the paraphernalia of a Herder’s sacrifice, 
namely, the paint line, encircled, perforated medicine cup, the Herder’s amulet stone 
Fic. 1095.—Arizona petroglyph. 
of chalcedony, and a group of at least fifteen remarkable figurines. The figurines 
alone, of the articles constituting this sacrifice, differed materially from those which 
would occur inamodern Zuni ‘ New Year Sacrifice” of the kind designed to propiti- 
ate the increase and prosperity of its herds. While in Zuni these figurines invari- 
ably represent sheep (the young of sheep mainly; mostly also females), the figurines 
in the hut at ‘Los Guanacos,” as I named the place, represented with rare fidelity 
« * * some variety, I should suppose, of the auchenia or llama of South America. 
Summing up the evidence presented by the occurrence of numerous ‘bola stones” 
in these huts and within the cities; by the remarkably characteristic forms of thsee 
figurines; by the traditional statement of modern Zunis regarding ‘small hairy 
animals” possessed by their ancestors, no less than by the statements of Marcus 
Nizza, Bernal Diaz, and other Spanish writers to the same effect, and adding to this 
sum the facts presented in sundry ritualistic pictographs, I concluded, very boldly, 
* * * that the ancient Pueblos-Shiwians, or Aridians, * * * must have had 
