155 
monids in cocoons in covered nests. Fig. 84 illustrates, natural 
size, one of these doubly-covered nests with the covers partly 
removed. It was plastered on the upper surface of a boulder and 
partly sheltered by the overhanging bank of a creek. 

9 
Fig. 83. Uncovered nest of EF. curvata, X 3/4. 
Fig. 84. Covered nest of E. curvata, with cover partly 
removed to expose ecell-mass, & 3/4. 
This same Ewmenes may also fasten her bunch of cells on twigs 
or vines. During nest-building, and particularly after the full 
number of cells are made, their jug-like mouths are bitten down 
and the whole more or less plastered over with mud. 
The egg, which is suspended by a filament shorter than the 
egg’s length, hatches in three and a half or four days. As 
with other Eumenes, the larva does not entirely quit the eggshell, 
but, suspended from it, reaches down and feeds by pressing its 
mouth against one of the caterpillars. When strong enough, 
however, it drops down among these and devours them without 
further ado. It has, as far as I could ascertain, three moults 
for its feeding period and becomes full-fed five or six days after 
hatching. It is then a decidedly stout fusiform grub (Fig. 85) 
about 23 mm. long that spins a tough silvery- -white cocoon, whose 
