156 
own walls adhere closely to those of its cell except at a com- 
partment containing caterpillar debris, frass, etc. It soon moults 
again to form a pupa (Fig. 86), whose cramped length is from 
16 to 19 mm., according to sex. It is whitish, spinose on the 
abdomen, rather firm and inactive. 
The life-cycle was determined as about 32-35 days. 
The wasp has plenty of enemies—among them the fine metallic 


Fig. 85. Tig. 86. Cell. of H. 
Full-grown larva of curvata with pupa 
iE curvata, Nat- within. Note the 
ural size. chamber on ven- 
tral side for ref- 
use. Natural size. 
Stilbum, also an ichneumonid, while I found one Eumenes pupa 
filled with a little chalcid wasp (Mellitobia sp.). 
Eumenes is active at all times of the year. 
Eumenes fulvipennis Smith. 
Length 29 mm.; rather dull black; antennae and wings orange; 
petiole with lateral tooth. 
This is a less slender insect than the preceding and, as far as 
my observations go, not so addicted to forest life; otherwise her 
nest habits are quite similar. She will build in very odd places— 
in the middle of the floor, for example; on a beam, post or stem 
of a plant. One specimen which was building a nest in the 
insectary would first take quite a sip of water from a tin basin, 
and fly afield to return with a load of mud, often far larger than 
her head. 
A large nest built on a slender twig was 4 inches long and 2 
inches thick and very much resembled a lump of mud, no sign 
of the mouths of the cells remaining. It hatched out six males 
and three females. 
The prey of this wasp consists of semi-looper caterpillars 
(Plusia sp.), or measuring worms (Geometridae). One Eumenes 
