2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.76 



graph he described another new and very different species {T. 

 salteri)^ from the Balclatchie group of Scotland. 



Except Barrande none of the mentioned authors even discussed 

 the generic relations of Telephus. The first to give us anything like 

 a true estimate of these relations was Hadding/ who, in a paper 

 specially devoted to the species of Telej^hus known in 1913, supplied 

 much desired information concerning the palpebral lobes, eyes, and 

 free cheeks. On the basis of these new data he endeavored to show 

 the previously unsuspected relations of the genus to the Aeglinidae, 

 on the one hand, and the Remopleuridae, on the other. Still, he found 

 sufficient differences to convince him that Telephu<s represents a 

 family of its own. 



In 1905 I found my first cranidium of a Tele'phus in the Appa- 

 lachian Valley. It and others procured at the same time were found in 

 a dark subcrystalline limestone — on Reservoir Hill, near Lexington, 

 Va. — that is now known to represent the Whitesburg limestone ^ of 

 Tennessee. The outcrop near Lexington was discovered some years 

 before and recommended to me as containing an abundant and at that 

 time strange fauna by Prof. H. D. Campbell of Washington and Lee 

 University. During the course of my stratigraphic work in the 

 Appalachian Valley since 1905 many other occurrences of Teleplius 

 were found in southwestern Virginia, Tennessee, and Alabama. 

 Most of these were in the horizon of the Whitesburg limestone which, 

 when present at all, lies just beneath the base of the Athens shale and 

 in places rests on the Holston marble. In Virginia the latter was 

 known for a time by the now unnecessary name Murat limestone. 

 Above the Whitesburg the genus is represented by five species in 

 the Athens shale and by three other species in the next overlying 

 Tellico formation. 



Character of material,. — ^As in Europe and Canada the southern 

 Appalachian species of Telephus also are represented mainly by 

 cranidia. No complete specimens have been found, and the separated 

 free cheeks, pygidia, and thoracic segments that were observed are 

 surprisingly few. Moreover, the descriptions of the cranidium given 

 by Barrande, Angelin, and Billings misled us as to the nature of 



' Hadding, Assar, 1913, Slaklet Telephus : Geolg. Foren. I Stockholm Forhandl., pp. 

 25-48. 



8 The term Whitesburg limestone has been used by me for many years and is now 

 formally proposed for the dark crystalline limestone that at many places iu the Appa- 

 lachian Valley south of Staunton, Va., underlies the dark calcareous Athens shale or 

 limestone. At most places in the valley the Whitesburg rests on the Lenoir limestone, 

 but at Lexington and in the belt that runs along the west base of Walker Mountain 

 just east of Bland, in Virginia, the Holston marble lies between the Whitesburg and the 

 Lenoir. The type, locality of the Whitesburg is at, and particularly 2 miles southeast 

 of that town, and 1% miles southwest of Bulls Gap, Tenn. At the latter place the forma- 

 tion attains a thickness of about 500 feet and rests on the Lenoir. Northwest of Whites- 

 burg the formation pinches out completely in 2 miles. A large and distinctive fauna 

 aggregating about 100 species has been collected from the Whitesburg. 



