EDW. JACOBSON, BIOLOGICAL NOTES ON THE HETEROCERA. II 
carmine dye, which enters into the blood of the caterpillar 
feeding on this scale and gives to this caterpillar a more or 
less rosy tint. The excrements of the caterpillar extracted 
with water or alcohol show an intensive carmine colour. 
Another species of the genus Aublemma, according to the 
determination of Sir HAMPSON Zublemma versicolora WAL- 
KER, ') is evidently not coccidiphagous, as I often found the 
caterpillars at Semarang (Java) feeding on the leaves 
of different plants as: Loranthus pentandrus L., Bridelia 
tomentosa Bl, and another plant which I could not get 
identified. ?) 
The caterpillar constructs on the leaves and branches 
covered galleries, which are spun out of a strong silk and 
completely incrustated at the outside with the excrements of the 
caterpillar, with small bits of dried leaves, stalks, and flowers. 
I have observed that the caterpillars frequent only plants 
infested by certain small scale-insects, which in their turn 
were always tended by the ant Oecophylla smaragdina. As 
far as my observations go, the caterpillars did not devour 
the scales, at least not exclusively, as I found them several 
times feeding on the leaves. 
The caterpillars are not on friendly terms with the ants, 
but nevertheless I only found the former on plants which 
were frequented by Oecophylla. The covered galleries the 
caterpillars build protect them against the carnivorous habits 
of the ants. What the true relation between these two kinds 
of insects is, I have not yet been able to find out. 
Before pupating, the caterpillar constructs a cocoon in 
the shape of a small retort with a short neck. On the inside 
it is coated with strong silk and externally covered by the 
brown excrements of the caterpillar. 
1) Catal. Lep. Phal. Br. Mus. Vol. X. p. 169. and Pl. CXLIX. fig. 26. 
2) In MOORE, Lep. Atk. p. 179. is stated: Larva feeds in the pods 
of Fonesia asoka (ATKINSON). 
