QUADRUMANA. 57 



lobes; the coecum thick, short, [except in Semnopil/tecus, and perhaps Colcbus'], and waliuiit any 

 appendage : tlie hyoid bone has the form of a shield. 



The Monkeys* {Cercopithecus, Erxl. in part), \_Guenons of the French], — 

 Have a moderately prominent muzzle (of sixty degrees) ; cheek pouches ; tail ; callosities on the but- 

 tocks ; the last of the inferior molars Avith four tubercles like the rest. Very numerous species of them, 

 of various size and colouring, abound in Africa, living in troops, which do much damage to the gardens 

 and cultivated fields. They are easily tamed, [and are lively and active animals. Their hair, unhke 

 that of the preceding groups, is of two kinds, the outer commonly annulated above with two colours, 

 producing a grizzled appearance, which in several imparts a tinge of green. 



More than twenty species have been ascertained, and doubtless many others remain to be discovered. They 

 vary in the proportional length of the fingers. The larger of them acciuire, with their growth, a more projectii g 

 muzzle, and are the Cercocebi of some naturalists (a term now falling into disuse) : these, in a few instances, 

 manifest an additional relationship to the Baboons, in exhibiting bright colours on the genitals ; as exemplified 

 by the Malbrouck Monkey (C. i"i/iiosiinis), in which the scrotum is vivid ultramarine, and the Verset (C. piitiet-i;- 

 thrus), which has the same part green. Many are prettily variegated, as the Diana Monkey (C. Diana), which 

 has a crescent-shaped white mark on the forehead, and a slender, pointed, white beard ; the Mona Monkey 

 (C. mona), &c. One only is of a red colour, the Patas (C. rubra). A few of the more recently discovered of them 

 may be briefly indicated. 



Campbell's Monkey (C. CampbelUi, Waterhouse.)— Hair long, and parted on the back, of a grizzled black and 

 yellow colour, nearly uniform blackish grey on the hind parts ; beneath, dingy white ; a black line encircling the 

 fore part and sides of the crown of the head. From Sierra Leone. 



The Bearded Monkey (C. popoiiias, Ben.)— Hair very long; greyish, i.e., grizzled black and yellowish white; a 

 spot on each side of the head, another on the crown, and tip of the tail, black ; cheeks furnished with an 

 immense tuft of pale hair. 



Red-eared Monkey (C. erythrotis, Waterh.)— Grey ; the tail red, with a dark line along its upper surface ; 

 ears with very long red hairs internally ; throat white ; under parts of the body greyish. From Fernando Po. 



Next follows a group of smaller species, of mild and confiding disposition ; consisting of the Talapoin M. 

 (C. talapoin, Geof., Sim. me/arrhina, F. Cuv.), the Moustache M. (S. cephus, Lin.), the Vaultmg M. (S. petaurista, 

 Gm.), the Hocheur (S. nictitans, Gni.), &c. A new Jlonkey appertaining to it is the 



C. Martini, Waterh. —Of a dark grey, the hairs annulated with yellowish white ; lower portions of limbs, crown 

 of the head, and tail, blackish ; hairs near the root of the tail beneath, brown. Inhabits Fernando Po. Several 

 of these smaller kinds are very common in Guinea. Allied to them are the larger green Monkeys ; and the series 

 terminates with the Mangabeys, or dusky-coloured white-eyelid Monkeys (C. cethiops, and C. ftdiginosiis), which 

 display some peculiarities of gait and gesture, and have the most prominent muzzles of any. 



The following occurs as a note in the original work. " Pennant has described certain Guenons" — 

 Doiici ratlier — "without thumbsf, Sim. pohjcomos and S.ferruyinea, oi which WW^er \m% iarmcd his 

 genus CoLOBUs, but I have not been able to see them, and for this reason have not introduced them. 

 M. Temminck assures us that the head and teeth resemble those of a Semnopithccus." This group is 

 now well established, and several species have been added to it ; all of them, however, peculiar to 

 Africa, as the members of the last-named genus are to Asia : they differ chiefly from the Doucs 

 in possessing cheek-pouches, having the limbs similarly elongated, and only one sort of hair, as in the 

 Apes. A small rudiment of a thumb exists in some of them. 



Nine clearly distinct species have been ascertained ; and there are probably many others. Tliey resolve 

 into two minor groups ; the species composing the first are rather large animals, of a black ground-colour, with 

 very long hair ; those of the second division are smaller, with shorter hair, and rufous ground-colour. Their 

 markings readily distinguish them. 



The Black Colobin (C satanas, Waterh.)— Quite black, with very long shaggy hair, obviously designed to pro- 

 tect it from the scorching rays of a vertical sun. This animal is common in Fernando Po, and when captured 

 refuses to take sustenance, pining and moaning constantly and very piteously. 



Ursine Colobin (C. ursinus, Ogilby.)— Black, with grey head and white tail. From Sierra Leone. 



White-thighed Colobin ? (C. .' leucomeros, Ogilby.)— Established on some imperfect skins. The thighs white ; 

 head, legs, and tail undetermined. From the Gambia. 



.SVm. po/i/co)«o,?, Pennant ; termed by him the " Full-bottomed Monkey."— Has a long yellowish-white sort of 

 mane, compared to a full-bottomed wig, and a white tail. Brought from Sierra Leone. 



C (lucreza, Ruppel.— The throat and around the face white ; and long flowing white hair on flic shoulilors 

 and along each side of the body, as if a garment were thrown over it ; end of the tail also w hite, and largely tufted. 

 From Abyssinia. 



C. riifoniger, Ogilby.— Black above, deep red beneath ; locality unknown. 



* The word Monkey is a diminutive of .Van.— Ed. t The thuii.b is very small in the Doucs.— Kd. 



