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214 On the Vents of Hot Vapor in Tuscany. 
major axis of the Appennines or great back-bone of Italy, the 
culminating points of which, as at the Gran Sasso d’ftalia, 9530 
feet above the sea, are composed of eocene (nummulitic) and 
cretaceous rocks reposing on jurassic. 
ain, if we turn from the east and look to the other great 
band of eruption to the west of the coast of Italy, as marked by 
serpentines protruding through the cretaceous and eocene deposits 
of. Cors 
submarine accumulations had ever been raised into dry land be- 
fore the cretaceous and nummulitic rocks were accumulated upon 
them, we have a fair right to infer, that the linear eruptions of 
serpentine and their accompaniments of gas and heat, absolutely 
furnished the Peninsula with those chains of hard and altered 
ma, 
the Marquis 
stone with the chalk,’ I trust he will now agree with me. 
After this memoir was read, Professor Meneghini of Pisca, communicated to 
me, that Professor Savi and himself had discoyered undoubted species of coal plants 
