TONKS. — CHARACTERISTICS OF BRYGOS. i 
boy as a wine-pourer at the left, instead of the boy with the lyre. He leans with his 
right hand against a column. Over the woman on the couch of the youth is an 
inscription (Fig. 38), over the bearded man is another (Fig. :>9), and before the pourer 
yet another (Fig. 40). 1 
A point of interest to us lies in the use of tt for <j> in the words Philippos, Philon, 
Nikophile, and Diphilos. The lack of aspiration points to a non- Attic mode of speech. 
Diimmler (Berlin Philol. Woch., 1888, p. 20) says that " this ijiika>TTJs is certainly not 
an Athenian," and, because of the substitution of tt for <f> gives Macedonia as BiygOt' 
native country. But in making this choice he is bound to account for the fact that 
Brygos, being a Macedonian, used ir instead of j3; for Eustathius (on t/«> Odyssey, H, 18, 
43) says that in Macedonia Oi'Wttos was written Bi'Xitttto?, and IIaXXip>iK&' occurred as 
BaWyjuiKOP. 2 Diimmler meets this difficulty by suggesting that Brygos, through hit 
stay at Athens, came to recognize the Athenian practice of aspirating, but, being 
unable to drop the plain Macedonian pronunciation with /3 in the place of <f>, tried to 
compromise by using the midway letter «r. This is, of course, purely theoretical on 
the part of Diimmler, and is recognized as such by Kretschmer on p. 81 of his Die 
Griechischen Vaseninschriften. 
Kretschmer ventures another solution which is as impossible as that of Diimmler 
Brygos, he maintains, may have come from Crete, where, in want of a special 
sound of <j> was expressed by w. This view that tt took the place of <j> is held 
by G. Meyer (Grieehische Grammatik*, pp. 280-281), who says that in the Gortj 
pt 
«• stands in place of the lacking <p. Ernst Herforth as well (Dc DM-ct; 
Creiica, pp. 237-238) holds that tt filled the place of ^ in this inscription, Hid Caner 
{Delectus Imcriptionum Graecarum, p. 68) agrees with him. An opposite stand is taken 
by H. Helbig (De Dialecto Creiica Quae Amis Graimmticae , p. 1 ), who says, " Cretas 
amantissimos fuisse aspirationis hand paucae voces e titulis non minus quam ex 
Hesychi imprimis glossario sumendae edocent," and, on p. 16, he goes on to say that 
istake to think that aspiration was lacking at the time of the Gortyn inscnp- 
tion. For, says he, the letter occurs in the inscription, and, wh.le the form -p 
absent, a form (Fig. 41) does occur which must be read as *, unless instead of <t>a™, 
we wish to read Hmo-nat,,, which is wrong. Moreover, by the acceptance of this 
he Arck. Zei, 1851, p. 367, Birch make, an attempt » associate some of the name, <^>™^ 
character, Acco„4 to him, Diph*. is to U connect,-,! wuh f^^^SSt, P N* 
and Demonikos with another comic poet whose date is unknown U. .Jann i , he poet 
Abhandl. der Sachs. Geselhchafi, 1861) has shown the futility of such an attempt. The 
Diphilos and the known date of Brygos make such an association of course impowi , ^ 
« Hoffmann, GrUchud* Dudetae, H, P- 508. "The name (The..) Dcp.««. A jf,^ n « 
historical 
((ptpt = ssk. bhara) 
