TROWBRIDGE. 
HIGH ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE. 
iMl 
by 
means 
f 
stop-cock B ; and dry oxygen was ad 
to the pump until the 
gauge connected with the pump indicated two centimeters pravui 
n 
M> 
stop-cock was then opened so as to admit the gas 
* 
sponding manometer gauge at the opposite ei 
requisite equalization of pressure, there hav- 
G 
d of 
G 
fi 
tube. The con-o- 
1 to register the 
e< 
nig arisen an 
xidization of the 
menisc 
mercury 
capillary 
between it and the glass had been 
bv means of which 
J 
changed 
This holding of the 
meniscus was large and had to be 
by vigorous tapping of the tube. 
rarefied air. 
7 
G 
I-'k.i 10 /). 
An analogous effect was obtained 
G 
filled with 
it was filled 
d 
1) 
] 
till 
nitro en. W 
dry hydrogen, the holding effect was comparatively 
preciable. The oxygen produced 
dissociative effect of the electric d 
.- 
nbined with the hydrogen and no longer oxidized 
of the merourj 
In 
may be observed that the mercury meniscus in the Lippm 
r is affected principally when it 
iberated. 
Perhaps the most striking expe 
the positive pole, and 
oxv 
stead)" 
from a large storage battery 
this connection can be made with the 
When Geis-ler tubes, preferably of half 
a 
centimeter internal diameter, are provided with copper 
filled 
th dry hydrogen at pressures of one 
millimeter to one-tenth of a millimeter, a 
dy diminution in the pressure of the gas results from the application 
of the d 
charge; the light of the spectrum grows dimmer and dimmer, then the cathode raj 
O 
appear, finally the X rays, and then no discharg 
fo 
through the tube 
a 
force is employed, or heat is applied 
This heat evidently drives off water-vapor ft 
of the tube together with 
fresh application of the steady current again diminishes the p 
app 
vacuum. 
Thus one can 
-o 
peak, a Ge 
be by 
employing a steady current of electrici 
With copper electrodes, the oxidization 
t.v 
dissociate the ever present water-vapor 
iced by this d 
ther metals ; although I have observed 
th 
d 
These experiments lead me 
to believe that, just as in chemical reactions, a certain 
amounVcrf wate^Vapor "or humidity is essential to conduction in gases whether brought 
about by what is called chemical affinity or electrolytic action. 
