Miscellaneous Intelligence. ‘289 
earth and the am latent heat taken up by the process. In th 
mines of St situated 470 feet (Paris) above the ci a 
Observatory of Nertc , 2,470 feet above the sea, and where 
mean temperature just amt the soil should therefore differ abouts 3° 
F. from that of Nertchinsk, it was found that to 175 feet (the depth pen- 
etrated) there was not a drop of water; all was frozen. In the mines of 
Vosdvigensk, not far from Nertchinsk, and about 2,708 feet above the 
sea, flowing water occurs at a depth of 300 feet, having a temperature 
of 35°°8 F. Toa depth of forty or fifty feet, the sides of the shafts 
were ot sere dry, and at this depth the mean temperature of 32° 
F., appears to be situated. This last point was not fully verified; but 
if true, it gives an increase of 3°8 F. in a de epth of 250 feet, which 
accords very nearly with observations elsewhere. 
In connection — this subject, the following wrote is given showing 
the increase of m n temperature, as we pass m the coast towards 
the interior of ates between the parallels of 50° and 60°. 
; He in 
taciude. [Hong By Height in| Mean temp. temp. oss 
St. Petersburg, . | 5957 | 99-59 0 | * 378R.)° 65-8F. 
Moscow, .. 55-45 17 400 38-5 16 
aS ae 55:48 48-48 150 35-0 | 75. 
Catherinenberg, . 56:50 5814 820 33:1 768 
manslowsk, . . | 59-45 57:39 60 30-9 79-2 
SOMME FE Eo 56-30 82-50 300 31-5 81-5 
PhatinlD igiti: 53-20 81-07 400 315 82-9" 
Irkoutsk, 4. 5217 | 11-15 1300 31-5 79-9 
Nertchinsk, is 51-18 117-01 2000 26-2 94:3 
akoutsk, " 62-01 127-24 AFR | N07 
6. On Comparative a Researches on Sea Water ; by Prof. 
Forcutammer, (Proc. Brit. Assoc., from the Athen., Sep. 26.)— —In the 
Ocean between Europe wae America the greatest quantity of saline 
matter is found in the tropical region, far from any land ; in such places 
000 parts of sea water contain 36°6 parts of salt. This quantity di- 
minishes in approaching the coast, on account of the masses of fresh 
Water which the rivers throw into the sea: it diminishes, likewise, in 
le westernmost part of the Gulf stream, where I only found it to be 
35°9 in 1,000 paris of water. By the evaporation’ of the water of ~ 
warm current, its quantity of saline matter increases towards the eas 
and reaches, in N. lat. 39° 39’ and W. long. 55° 16’; its former height 
of 3 rom thence it decreases slowly towards the northeast: and 
Sea water, at a distance of from sixty to eighty miles from ‘the conte 
shores of Eng gland, contains only 35°7 parts of solid substances ; and 
the same quantity of salt is found all over the northeastern part Moet the 
Atlantic, as far to the north as Iceland, always at such a distance from 
the land that the influence of fresh water is avoided. numerous 
observations made on the shores of Iceland and the Faroe Islands, it is 
evident that the waters of the Gulf stream spread over this part of the 
Atlantic Ocean ; and thus we see. that the water hog tropical currents 
Szecoyp Serigs, Vol. I, No. 8.—March, 1847. 
