* 
314 On the Glacier Phenomena 
been transported by a current or any other violent agent, they 
would have been broken or at least much worn. But should we 
refuse to admit the evidence which these shells offer, we cannot 
deny the proof afforded by the serpulas of Christiania and the 
barnacles of Uddevalla, whose shells still adhere to the rocks far 
above the sea. 
On the other hand, the fact that the strize and furrows are con- 
now. In fact, it is a point on which the partizans of different 
hypotheses are nearly agreed, that the phenomena of erratics took 
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far as the limits of the land: we learn from the observations of 
Mr. Martins, that even the glaciers of Spitzbergen do not project 
beneath the sea; for, as the temperature of the water is above 
that of the ice, it melts the glaciers by its contact, and a consid- 
erable space equal to the height of the tide, separates the glacier, 
from the water.* 
now see there. If these striae were exactly at the level of the 
sea, we might suppose that Scandinavia was then at the same 
elevation as at the present day. But we have seen numerous 
cases in that island in which the furrows are found under the 
sea, from which facts we must conclude according to the princi- 
ples laid down, that the land at that epoch was as much above 
its present height as the strie# are now below the waters. These 
results although opposed, are not as they may at first appear, 
contradictory ; and it is here that the observation of shells com- 
pletes the study of erratic phenomena properly so called, by 
showing us the chronological order of these events. In fact, the 
barnacles of Uddevalla and the serpulas of Christiania which are 
found, the former at the height of two hundred, and the latter of 
one hundred and seventy feet above the sea, prove: irresistibly 
that the coast has sunk in these places: the fact that these ani- 
mals are adhering to striated rocks, shows not less certainly that 
