350 Notices of Koordistan. 
These gentlemen commenced their return to Oroomiah on June 
24th, by an easier route, farther to the north, by Bashkallah, 
which they reached in six days travel, and on the 3d July, arrived 
at Oroomiah, after an absence of twomonths. 
Dr. Wright thus speaks of the country :— 
“ Physical Features.—Our route to Dergule, led us across cen- 
tral Koordistan, and through a region of almost unequalled in- 
terest, in a physical point of view. Mountains, valleys, preci- 
pices, gorges, rivers, &c., combined to form the most attractive 
scenery ; and such was the variety of rock and minerals, that the 
geologist and mineralogist would find it a region of rare interest. 
No man devoted to natural science has ever been through these 
regions. Some twelve or fifteen years ago, Prof. Schultz, of a 
German University, made the attempt, with purely scientific ob- 
jects in view. His motives were mistaken, and he was mur- 
dered by order of the Koordish chief of Julamerk. We have 
now formed such an acquaintance with that chief and others hav- 
ing power in the mountains, that I think we can ensure one a 
safe passage through any part of the country. The Emir, B. K. 
Bey, prides himself on being a man of ‘one word,’ and pledged 
himself as our ‘ friend.’”’ Ai 
The peculiarities of the different routes are thus referred to. 
Dr. W. says of his return route :— . ; 
winds.” “During the first day and part of the second, we | 
over a district covered with a stunted growth of oak and gall-nut — 
winter quarters. Thousands of sheep, with their keepers, were 
seen on the hills at this time. 
Dr. W. describes a substance he met with, under the name of 
Manna. We found “in one part of the mountains (probably on 
the return route) great quantities of a sweet substance, formed 0 
the leaves of certain trees, generally the oak and gall-nut tree, 
and which is called gezza in Koordish, and manna in Syriac, 
and perhaps honey-dew in English. It forms on the leaves in such 
