Gerhardt’s Organic Chemistry. _ 99 
By this arrangement we are able at once to give a new substance 
a place, and to determine its relation to other series of compounds; 
those bodies which are homologues are always found in the same 
vertical column, and hence in looking over the table, we see at 
once in what families homologues of any particular form exist, 
and how these may be formed from other bodies of the same 
family. 'This may be illustrated by an extensive class of homol- 
ogous acids of the form RO,, which are here given with their 
families and formulas. 
1. Formic, orn el te 
2. Acetic H, O, | 12. Lauric, Oats, Oe 
3. Metacetonic,C, H, O, | 138. Cocinic, O54 Os 
4. Butyric, . HM, Of) 14° Mynsos,” C,H, ,U, 
5. Valerianic, C, H,,O, | 15. 
6. Caproic, C, H,, 90, | 16. Ethalic, Sr ie 
7. Enanthylic, C, H,,0O, | 17. Margaric, C,,H,, O, 
8. Caprylic, C, H,,O, | 18. Anamiritic, C,,H,,9, 
9. Pelargonic, C, H,, 0, | 19. Stearic, G8, 0, 
10. Capric es re oe 
The acids of the Ist, 2d, 5th, and 16th families are derived 
directly from aleohols of the formula R*+?0; and in the 2d we 
known in the other families ; but in butyral C, H, O, a 
wax C.. H__ O. we have bodies corresponding to aldehyde, and 
enanthole and menthol are probably the aldehydes of the 7th and 
ili icipate that future researches will 
he action of pot- 
ash upon spermaceti its corresponding aldehyde. We can thus 
obtain aldehydes from alcohols and 
discovered by Gottlieb ; the enanthylic or azoleic, 
a bibasic acid ; and the 
~tenampei wrain Pree Behe wad i bag occupies the place for- 
