WINE AND VINEYARDS. S, 
provided the summer heat rises to the mean of 68 degrees. In 
the Old World these conditions are found to exist as far north 
as 50 degrees, and in the New World not much beyond 40 de- 
grees. In both hemispheres the profitable culture of the plant 
ceases within 30 degrees of the equator, unless in elevated 
situations, or in insular localities tempered by the sea breeze. 
Thus the region of vineyards occupies a band of about 20 de- 
grees in breadth in the Old World, and a little more than half 
that breadth in America. In the southern hemisphere, the 
Cape of Good Hope just falls within the latitude oceupied by 
the Grape. : 
WINE AND VINEYARDS. 
The vine is found wild in many parts of Europe, Asia, and 
America. Its culture is successfully carried on in almost every 
part of the United States from native species improved, and in 
California from the Vitis vinifera, or European species, intro- 
duced into that country by the early Spanish colonists. Good 
wine has been made from both species in Chili. The vine has 
also been cultivated in some places in Mexico, but has not 
succeeded in Brazil. Champlain, the colonizer of Canada, 
has predicted with great satisfaction its use to the future in- 
habitants, from observing the spontaneous growth of the wild 
vines in that northern country. 
In India six species or varieties are cultivated in the Deccan, 
in the 17th to the 19th parallel of latitude, at an elevation of 
1,500 to 1,800 feet above the level of the sea; the tempera- 
ture in the hottest months being 81 to 85 degrees, and in the 
coldest months 66 to 71 degrees. All the species are cultivated 
for the table, the natives of India not using wine; four to 
