64 THE VINE AND CIVILISATION. 
in Portugal, nor sherry as they do in Spain, or Madeira as in 
the island from which it is named. The climate and soil regu- 
late these matters; but you can make California wine, and 
this in time will carry its own reputation with it.’’ 
The Board of State Viticultural Commissioners are doing 
good work through their executive officer, Mr. Charles A. 
Wetmore, of San Francisco, in translating and publishing for 
the use of the vine growers, the best French authorities on 
the planting, pruning and cultivating the vine. Another sub- 
ject to which Mr. Wetmore calls the attention of the California 
wine grower is that of grafting vines of inferior quality (natives) 
with scions of nobler varieties ; also the reconstruction of vine- 
yards attacked by phylloxera, by planting resistant vines 
grafted with noble varieties. These subjects are explained 
and discussed very minutely in the Second Annual Report of 
the Viticultural Board for the years 1882-83, so that we have 
the satisfacton of knowing that strenuous exertions are making 
for the improvement of the wine production of California. 
VINE — WESTERN STATES. 
Vitis Labrusea, (Zinn). The American wooley leaved 
or Northern Fox Grape, from busca the Hebrew for grape; 
berries purple or amber coloured, of harsh flavour and tough 
pulp. By cultivation it has produced the Catawba, the Isa- 
bella, the Concord and many other improved varieties. 
Vitis Estivalis, (Michauz.) The Summer Grape; high 
climbing vines, small black berries ; found in Howard county, 
Missouri; 120 feet high, 20 inches circumference of stem, 
Virginia Seedling, Herbemont and Taylor Bullit are from V. 
stivalis. 
