Botany and Zoology. 



119 



these islands, the trap presents the columnar form which is represented 

 in the accompanying cut (drawn by Capt. Stannard) of a section forty 

 feet long and twenty feet high. 



The cliffs of this formation which extend for a distance of about 

 three miles, are rarely more than sixty feet in height, and are composed 

 of columns which are usually pentagonal or hexagonal in form, an J 

 which, though they are for the most part nearly perpendicular, ar 

 often inclined at different angles and sometimes bent. They ar 



are 

 are 



often inclined at "different angles and sometimes bent. They 

 twenty or thirty feet long, and from six to eighteen inches in diameter; 

 but they seldom present that distinctness in their columnar structure, 

 and the transverse joints, which characterize the basuit of the Giant's 



Causeway. 



III. Botany and Zoology. 



Madeira, Tenerife 



fi 



)/ the Voyage of 



-»"i. uui., wo. jxiil, marcn j, to-n, p- *~«w -»"* . - : 



contains six hundred and seventy-two species of flowering plants and 

 Ferns, of which eighty-five are absolutely peculiar, and four hundred 

 and eighty common to Europe; two hundred and eighty arc common 

 »o Madeira and the Azores (whose Flora is estimated at four hundred 

 ™d twenty.five species) ; three hundred and twelve (or probably more) 

 to Madeira and the Canaries ; and one hundred and seventy to ^ the 

 neighborhood of Gibraltar (where four hundred and fifty-six have been 

 collected). 



It is remarkable that out of four hundred European 

 Mediterranean) species, indigenous to Madeira, not more than > one buD- 

 dredand seventy occur in Gibraltar; for it were natural I to suppose 

 ** the majority of four hundred and eighty spec.es which "fJJJ 

 J«% dispersed" throughout the S. of Europe, should have m.g ra ed 

 ^ way of Gibraltar, {^transported across the ocean » *■*£• ins 

 torther worthy of observation, that the Azores, though very ^o the 

 westward, and the Canaries to the south, both contain .many more of 

 toe Mediterranean plants seen in Madeira, than does Gibraltar. 



(and these 



