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leaf of Vitis pallida (fig. 5), in which the two parts showed 
cup-shaped appendages, leads us to a closer observation of the 
abnormal pitchers as found in Java. In the first place we call 
attention to a case which we observed in Plumeria acutifolia 
(fam. Apocyneae), in which a stalked pitcher springs from the 
back of a blade (fig. 6). This case strongly calls to mind an 
observation made on Michelia Champaca, Croton appendiculatum 
Hort., and also 7'rifohium repens, and which are described in the 
»Botanisch Jaarboek” published by the Botanical Society Do- 
donaea, 1892, p. 13. In the latter cases the apical portion had 
got differentiated from the base, and in Trifolium in such a 
way that the first symptom of malformation was a folding 
together of the upper half, while quite a series of interme- 
diate stages had to be gone through before the final product 
consisting of pitcher, stalk and blade, was completed. 
Less complete pitchers were found in Anamirta Cocculus (fam. 
Menispermeae), where only the inferior edges were bent inwards 
and grown together (fig. 7), and in Amoora cucullata (fam. Me- 
aceae); here it is the terminal leaflet of the pinnate leaves 
which, at least at the base, bears the character of a pitcher 
(Fig. 8). It should be noticed, however, that this transforma- 
tion into a pitcher, is normal and that therefore the name 
,cucullata” has been given to this species. The other leaflets, 
fig. 9, have an unequal base, just as the leaves of U/mus cam- 
pestris, which only now and then take the shape of pitchers. 
A beautiful pitcher is represented in fig. 10; it belongs to 
Bauhinea rosea (fam. Caesalpineae) and evidently is made up of 
two leaflets of the pinnate leaves grown together. 
Again a leaf with cup-shaped base was observed in Conoce- 
phalus suaveolens (fam. Euphorbiaceae). 
The cases of deviations now to be described can hardly be 
classed with one of the foregoing sections and will be enume- 
rated separately. 
Fig. 18 represents a leaf of Centrosolenia bullata (fam. Ges- 
neraceae), of which the abnormity consists only in an edge 
