23,3 West and Gonzaga: Hydrogenation of Philippine Oils 281 



through silver nitrate # solution and anhydrous calcium chloride, 

 was conducted into the hydrogenating vessel above the surface 

 of the oil contained in it. One end of the tube containing the 

 reduced catalyst was now opened, inserted into the hydrogena- 

 tion flask, and the catalyst allowed to drop quickly into the oil, 

 after which the flow of carbon dioxide was discontinued. The 

 tube through which the purified carbon dioxide was conducted 

 was now removed, and the flask containing the oil and catalyst 

 connected immediately to the stirring apparatus. 



The hydrogenation flask was immersed in an oil bath, which 

 was placed upon an electric heater. The flask was connected 

 to a mercury gauge, o (fig. 2), which was used to indicate the 

 slight pressure of gas (usually about 2 centimeters) in the ap- 

 paratus. The oil bath was heated to a temperature of 180°. 



In hydrogenating an oil it is, of course, necessary to use a 

 carefully constructed apparatus, which will allow no leakage of 

 gas, and thus avoid explosions. The hydrogenation apparatus 

 (fig. 2 and Plate 1) used in these experiments contained a mer- 

 cury trap which allowed the mixture of oil and catalyst to be 

 stirred during the hydrogenation. The hydrogen was admitted 

 to the flask through the entrance tube a, and allowed to leave 

 through the exit tube b. The hole c, which is about 1 centi- 

 meter in diameter, was bored into the side of the flask by 

 means of a spear-shaped drill and enlarged with a round file. 7 

 In making the hole the drill was moistened with a solution of 

 camphor dissolved in turpentine. The stopper, which was 



T Scientific American Cyclopedia of Formulas (1918) 491. 



