290 The Philippine Journal of Science 1923 



rated compounds they do not have high melting points, and 

 probably for that reason coconut oil when hydrogenated is not 

 hardened readily in the Tropics. Again the iodine value (8.22) 

 of coconut oil is very low, which indicates that it contains only 

 a small proportion of unsaturated glycerides and, consequently, 

 the effect of hydrogenation is not so marked as in the case of 

 other oils which have much higher iodine values. 



PALOMARIA (BITAOG) OIL 



Oil obtained from the seeds of Calophyllum inophyllum is 

 known as bitaog, or palomaria de la playa. Calophyllum ino- 

 phyllum is usually a medium-sized or large tree with a wide- 

 spreading crown. It is distributed in the coast regions in 

 various parts of the Philippines. The fruit of this species is 

 about the size of a walnut. It has an outer fleshy part and 

 contains a thin-shelled seed with a hard, oily kernel. The 

 kernels yield palomaria (bitaog) oil, which is greenish yellow 

 and has a bitter, pungent taste. According to Crevost, 16 palo- 

 maria oil contains 71.55 per cent of fatty oil and 28.45 per cent 

 of resin. The resin is dark brown and melts at 30° to 35°. It 

 is soluble in various organic solvents, has an iodine value of 

 125.2, and an acid value of 180.8. 



Fenler 17 states that the fatty acids of palomaria oil consist 

 largely of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. 





Table 8. — Hydrogenation of palomaria oil ' 





r T _„„ 



»«*.,—*. 



Ni.W.Bperce.t. 



"agff- 



m pIS' 



lodgevj,™. 



Melting 



H»„. 



n.'« 



i 



s 



( d ) 















By continued hydrogenation of palomaria, the dark brown oil 

 was gradually changed to a light yellow solid. This was the 

 only oil used in this investigation which was not entirely de- 



Chem. Zeit. 29 (1905) : 



