23.4 Baker: Malayan Jassoidea 373 



Genus DRYADOMORPHA Kirkaldy 



Kirkaldy, Bull. Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Assoc. 1 (1906) 335. 



Type, Dryadomorpha pallida Kirkaldy (Queensland). 



Later Kirkaldy 23 described another species, D. lotophagorum, 



referred to this genus. 



Genus TORTOR Kirkaldy 



Kirkaldy, Bull. Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Assoc. 3 (1907) 42. 

 Type, Tortor daulias Kirkaldy (Queensland). 

 NIRVANIIDiE 



The members of this family formerly known have been va- 

 riously treated. Distant places them with Hecalus. Kirkaldy 

 located them first with Spangbergiella and afterward with the 

 eupterygids. Lately, McAtee 2i regards Nirvana as one of the 

 Eupterygidse. All of these references are based upon super- 

 ficial resemblance and are without any justification in compara- 

 tive anatomy. These insects have no relationship with the 

 eupterygids and but a superficial resemblance to Hecalus and 

 Spangbergiella. Subapical veins in the tegmina are always 

 evident by transmitted light, and occasionally one or more sub- 

 apical cells are more or less clearly outlined. McAtee and some 

 other authors have described the tegmen as without an appendix, 

 but an appendix is always present, though sometimes much 

 reduced and very narrow. The venation of wings is similar to 

 that of typical Jassinse. 



The reference of Stenometopius to this family might seem 

 unnatural if it is compared only with Nirvana, but the transition 

 to this extreme type occurs through Pythonirvana. 



The study of species in this group is complicated by the fact 

 that there exists in most of the genera a strong sexual dimor- 

 phism in the form of the head and some other characters, not 

 noted by previous authors. The vertex of female is commonly 

 a little larger and with a more strongly rounded apical margin 

 than in the male, and the color markings of the male are usually 

 more or less reduced. There may also be a sexual difference 

 in form of apex of tegmina. Thus it seems probable that Kana 

 thoracica and K. ramificata of Distant are the sexes of one species, 

 and similarly that K. illuminata and K. signata are the sexes of 



