464 The Philippine Journal of Science 1923 



GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT 



Duodenum. — There is a slight hemorrhagic area near the pyloric portion. 

 Particles of undigested food are present; also mucus. Otherwise it is 

 quite normal, and no worms are found. Contents of duodenum screened. 



The intestinal tract was removed after first tying the duodenum at 

 the pyloric end of the stomach, then at the extremity of the duodenum, and 

 then tying off the jejunum at its extremities. The ileum, likewise, was tied 

 off at its extremities. The ascending colon at the hepatic flexure was 

 tied off and the transverse colon and descending colon were also tied 

 off. These segments were then dissected out separately. The segments 

 of intestine were then opened lengthwise over a receptacle, and their contents 

 thoroughly washed out into a sixty-mesh-to-the-inch screen, washed and 

 searched for worms. 



Jejunum.— No parasites were found. The mucosa throughout was ap- 

 parently normal with the exception of several slightly congested areas near 

 the duodenal portion. Very large amounts of mucus were found in the 

 jejunum. There also was a considerable amount of partially digested food. 



Ileum.— The ileum contained a considerable amount of partially digested 

 food and a large amount of mucus. The mucosa appeared normal. No 



Color. — Mucus membrane is normal. Contents consist of small amount 

 of formed faecal material. No parasites found. 



It may be remarked in connection with the above, that the 

 viscera are characteristically congested in subjects who have 

 been executed by hanging. 



As soon as the abdomen was opened, the kidneys and liver 

 were removed and thin blocks cut from each and immediately 

 fixed. Most of them were fixed in Zenker's fluid, but some also 

 were fixed in Bouin's picro-aceto-formol fluid. Sections were cut 

 5 p, thick and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Some of 

 these were then submitted to Major Callender, who gave them 

 very careful study. His report to us is as follows: 



Sections of liver and kidney of adult male Filipino, executed by hanging, 

 three days after taking 10 cubic centimeters of carbon tetrachloride. Tis- 

 sues fixed in Zenker thirty-five minutes after death. Stained with Delafield's 

 hasmatoxylin and eosin. 



Sections of liver and kidney. — Fixation excellent. 



Liver.— Larger veins distended with blood as are a few of the capillaries 

 in the hepatic vein zones. Liver cells are granular, not swollen, nuclear 

 markings distinct and normal throughout all sections. Many of the portal 

 areas show an infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells of varying 

 degree; that is, from a few cells about the vessels to an infiltration 

 filling the greater part of the portal connective tissue. There are a few 

 polynuclears in these areas and scattered in the capillaries and lymph 

 spaces throughout the tissue and there are also a few lymphocytes out 

 in the tissue. There is some proliferation of the epithelium lining the 

 bile ducts without other obvious change. The capsule contains quite a few 

 lymphocytes but not collected in masses. 



