484 The Philippine Journal of Science 1923 



and they received an average dose of 10 cubic centimeters of 

 carbon tetrachloride, calculated on a basis of 1 cubic centimeter 

 of the drug to each 5.5 kilograms of body weight. Eleven of 

 these men, or 33.3 per cent, showed abnormal reactions. Many 

 of these reactions were more pronounced than those shown by 

 the men in the other groups. One man complained of severe 

 pain in the stomach; five vomited; and five complained of severe 

 headache, vertigo, and abdominal pain. Another man passed 

 a blood clot in his stool two days after treatment, but he showed 

 no symptoms of ill effects at any other time. 



To summarize, it will be seen that 18.7 per cent of the men 

 in the series from whom we secured complete data showed 

 clinical reactions to the drug that may be regarded as approach- 

 ing the undesirable. In no case, however, did symptoms of an 

 alarming nature supervene, and the disturbances in all cases 

 were purely transitory. It should be especially noted that 61.1 

 per cent of those showing abnormal reactions were men in the 

 fourth group, who received treatment on a basis of 1 cubic centi- 

 meter of carbon tetrachloride to each 5.5 kilograms of body 

 weight. We are not disposed to argue the point with those who 

 may assert that such a dose is in excess of the amount required 

 to dislodge the worms. We think it highly probable that such 

 a dose is not necessary in the majority of instances. The point 

 we wish to emphasize, however, is that this dose is perfectly 

 safe provided the drug is of established purity and no physical 

 contraindications exist in the patient. 



In support of the above statement, we feel that it is opportune 

 to state at this time that within the past few months there have 

 been treated on Cebu Island, under the supervision of Dr. Cris- 

 tobal Manalang, of the Philippine Health Service, more than 

 25,000 hookworm-infested Filipinos of both sexes and all ages. 

 Working under our direction, Doctor Manalang has administered 

 the drug on the basis of 1 cubic centimeter to each 5.5 kilograms 

 of body weight. There have been no deaths, and in no case 

 have toxic symptoms of any moment arisen. Every liter of the 

 drug used in Cebu, before being shipped there, was subjected 

 to careful test and refinings at the Bureau of Science, under 

 supervision of Mr. Wells. Finally, it must be stated that a large 

 proportion of the residents of Cebu drink freely of tuba, and 

 it is extremely likely that a large number of these drank tuba 

 within relatively short periods before undergoing treatment. 



Regarding the relative efficacy of the drug in the proportions 

 administered in these four groups, it is to be noted that four 



