11-69 



• (Station 13) yearling shad (15 to 23 cm long) were recovered from gill 

 nets. Similar quantities of shad were caught at Millstone Point in 1976 

 (NUSCO, 1977). Richards (1963), Pearcy and Richards (1962) found no 

 shad in their Long Island Sound and Mystic River Estuary samples. There 

 is no record of any shad being impinged on New Haven Harbor Station 

 traveling screens. 



In Long Island Sound tributaries (primarily the Connecticut 

 River) , spawning activity peaks in late April or early May; the timing 

 of spawning is regulated primarily by water temperature (approximately 

 13-18°C; Leggett, 1976) . No shad eggs or larvae were collected in New 

 Haven Harbor, nor would they be expected because the larvae and juve- 

 niles typically remain in freshwater throughout their first summer, 

 migrating downriver to the ocean in the fall as river temperatures are 

 23-18°C (Marcy, 1976b). 



Bay Anchovy (Anchoa mitohilli) 



Anchovies are small warm-water fish seldom exceeding 8 cm in 

 length (Hildebrand, 1943) . Anchovies occur from the Gulf of Mexico to 

 the southeastern Massachusetts coast, and are abundant along the open 

 coastline out to approximately the 20 meter depth, and in estuaries and 

 embayments as well. Because of their small size, anchovies were not 

 quantitatively sampled by the otter trawl. Not all sizes were equally 

 susceptible to capture, and data are subject to substantial sampling 

 error. This problem was also encountered by Richards (1963) in Long 

 Island Sound, who described "enormous quantities" of Anchoa in one fall 

 catch. 



Adults and juveniles (2 to 8 cm long) (Figure 11-26, 11-27) 

 have been captured in otter trawls and beach seines with increasing 

 frequency in recent years. In 1971, otter trawl captures were limited 

 to the month of August. By 1976, however, anchovies were occurring in 

 the trawl catches from April through November. Record catches of 15 



(Text continued on page 11-73) 



