134 PROFESSOR EDWARD HULL, M.A., LL.D., P.R.S., F.G.S., ON 



ing the fjords with the Arctic Ocean, but do not appear on the 

 charts owing to the fact that tliey have been filled up with 

 various sedimentary deposits, while the floor has been reduced 

 to a general level by the action of the tidal and other 

 currents. As I have shown in the case of the sub-oceanic 

 valleys which lie off the coasts of the British Isles and 

 AVestern Europe this process of " levelHng up " has repeated 

 illustrations due to similar causes. The submerged valleys 

 of the " English River Channel," of the Loire, and of other 

 streams for several miles beyond the margin of the 

 land are often concealed, owing to filling up by sediment, 

 and it is only as we get far out to sea that they become 

 clearly indicated b}^ the soundings, and descend to great 

 depths below the general surface of the Continental platform. 

 Of this platform the North Sea is a part and continuation, 

 and that its surface is deeply overspread by loose material 

 derived from the waste of the adjoining coast and islands, as 

 also by glacial mud, gravel and boulders, there can be no 

 doubt ; though to what extent the older solid rocks are thus 

 concealed Ave have no means of judging. This view is 

 supported by the evidence of former submergence as well 



FIG. 2. — TEKRACE AT MEKAK. HEAD OF GEIRANGEE FJOED. 



