206 THE REV. F. A. WALKEE/ D.D., F.L.S., ON 



Then, again, y^M, the Hebrew word denotmg- Hcker of the 

 gn-ass, obviously denotes thereby the hirva of a winged species 

 of locnst. and its mention occurs in tive passages of the O.T.,. 

 to wit, Joel i, 4; Nahura iii, 15 ; Psalm cv, 34; Jeremiah IiV 

 14, and again in verse 27. In two of said passages it is 

 translated cankerw.orra, and in the remaining three caterpillar 

 — both rendei'ings being erroneous. 



To add to the confusion tho Hebrew i/elck is rendered 

 /3povxo<; in the Greek Septuagint, but the Hebrew arheh is. 

 also rendered ^pov-)(^o<; in the Greek Septuagint, when in 

 P]xodus X the locust of the plague is mentioned, whereas! 

 two different Hebrew words, i/elek and arheh, are probably 

 used on purpose to denote tv/o different species of winged 

 locust; and to add still further to the confusion ^poL';j(^o9 is 

 the very word used by Greek classical writers to signify the 

 wingless locust, Callvmonis oiiiscus, a species with which I am 

 personally familiar, having captured it on the aromatic 

 undergrowth of myrtle or cistus along the road to 

 Marathon. It is a very handsome kind when alive, having 

 broad bands of velvety black across a ground colour of 

 apple-green, but as a cabinet specimen unfortunately rapidly 

 fades to a uniform dusky brown, and is indebted, for its 

 Greek specific name 6viaKo<i, a little ass, to the long curved 

 shape of the dorsum, resembhng that of a beast of burden. 



Then, again, the word arheh. rendered locust in Exodus x, 

 and locust again in 2 Chronicles vii. is translated grasshopper 

 in Leviticus xi, and grasshopper again in Judges vi. The 

 Hebrew Avord rluisil of Psahn Ixxviii. 46, means a " con- 

 sumer." As it is included Avith the locust in that verse, it 

 probably means the larva of the locust; in the A.V. it is 

 translated caterpillar. The Hebrew Avord yazam of Joel i, 4, 

 is translated palmerworm in the A.V. and appears as kclixttt) 

 in the Greek Septuagint. 



Now KaixTTTi is a larA^a, and the Avord signifies not the lar\^a 

 of a locust, Avhich is doubtless Avhat the prophet intended, but 

 tlie larva of the tribe of moths knoAvn as Geometridae, which 

 bends up its back to move, and hence its name of Kd/jbirrj 

 (from Ka/xTTTeiv). Chagoh, the HebrcAAMvord in Leviticus xi, is 

 generally rendered grasshopper and once locust. In the 

 Greek Septuagint it is translated aKpi<i, Avhich probably 

 means grasshopper, but aKpiSe<;, the plural of aKpa, signify 

 locusts in Greek classical writers. 



Additional matter might be adduced on this head, but 

 what has already been stated will probably be regarded as 



