SIXTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 
By J. W. Powe uu, Director 
INTRODUCTION 
Researches relating to the American Indians were continued 
throughout the fiscal year ending June 30, 1895, in conformity 
with law. 
The end of research is the discovery of relation. The rec- 
ognition of relation is knowledge. The final relations, toward 
which all knowledge tends, are those connecting intelligent 
man with the universe of which he forms a part. 
Knowledge progresses not only by extension but also by 
intension; i. e., as the field extends, so also knowledge becomes 
more definite, more significant, more useful, and in every way 
closer to the intelligent being. So knowledge begins with 
the remote and proceeds toward the near. The stars were 
studied, and first astrology and afterward astronomy came; 
the remoter lands were explored, and geography arose; gems 
and rare earths were examined, and first alchemy and then 
chemistry developed; imported and unusual plants at first and 
afterward common plants were investigated, and botany grew 
up; animals were subjected to research, and Zoology became 
a science; mountains and mines and afterward local rocks and 
soils were studied, and geology was organized; last of all, 
mankind came to be investigated in their various aspects, and 
anthropology came into being. Throughout this history the 
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