MINDELEFF] NON-DEFENSIVE HOME VILLAGES 101 
of the site a burial cist was found and excavated in 1884 by Mr 
Thomas V. Keam. It contained the remains of a child, almost per- 
fectly desiccated. It is said that when the remains were first removed 
the color of the iris could be distinguished. The specimen was subse- 
quently deposited in the National Museum. 
A ruin which occurs in Tse-on-i-tso-si canyon, near the mouth of 
De Chelly, is shown in plan in figure 8. There were two kivas, one 
ot which was benched. The number of rooms connected with them is 
remarkably small—there could not have been more than six, if there 
were that many—and the character of the site is such as to preclude 
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Fic. 9—Ground plan of a much obliterated ruin. 
the possibility of other rooms in the immediate vicinity. Some of the 
walls are still standing, and exhibit a fair degree of skill in masonry. 
A type of which there are many examples is shown in plan in figure 9. 
These ruins occur on the flat, next the cliff, which is seldom bayed 
and overhangs but slightly. They are usually so much obliterated 
that only careful scrutiny reveals the presence of wall lines, and walls 
standing to a height of 6 inches above the ground are rare. In the 
example illustrated no traces of a kiva can be found, but the almost 
complete destruction of the walls might account for this. There is 
every reason to suppose that these ruins are of the same class as those 

Fic. 10—Ground plan of a ruin in Canyon de Chelly. 
deseribed above, the remains of home villages located without reference 
to defense, and no reason to suppose otherwise. They are probably 
instances where, owing to exposed situation, early abandonment, and 
possibly also proximity to later establishments, destruction has pro- 
ceeded at a greater rate than in other examples. 
Ruins of the class under discussion were not confined to any part of 
the canyons, but were located wherever the conditions were favorable. 
An example which occurs in the lower part of the canyon, at the point 
marked 3 on the map, is shown in plan in figure 10, It occurs at 
the back of a deep cove in a little branch canyon, and was at one time 
