MINDELEFF] VILLAGES ON BOTTOM LANDS 103 
the walls of this room, and the interstices were filled with this, chinking 
with small stones being but slightly practiced. The masonry of the 
other walls is rougher, with even less chinking, and some of them show 
later additions which did not follow the main lines. The eastern room 
had two openings and the tops of the walls are apparently finished, for 
there are no marks of roof timbers. The room may have been roofless, 
but the same effect might have been produced by recent Navaho repairs 
and alterations. In the exterior wall, at the southeastern corner, there 

Fie. 11—Ground plan of a village ruin. 
is a series of hand-holes, as though access to the interior were some- 
times had in this way, but the hand-holes are later than the wall. On 
the back wall of the cove there are a number of pictographs. 
Just above the mouth of Del Muerto and on the opposite side of the 
main canyon, at the point marked 17 on the map, there was a village 
on the canyon bottom. It overlooked a fine stretch of cultivable 
land on both sides of the canyon. There is a large isolated mass of 
rock here, nearly as high as the cliffs on either side, and connected with 


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Fie. 12—Ground plan of kivas in Canyon de Chelly. 
those back of it by a slope of talus and débris, partly bare rock, partly 
covered with sand dunes. At the point where the ruin occurs the rock 
is bare and about 40 feet high, partly overhanging the site. The 
remains, shown in plan in figure 12, occupy the summit of a hill about 
10 feet high, composed principally of débris of walls. Only a few faint 
traces now remain, but two kivas are still clearly distinguishable. The 
one on the south had an interior bench, which apparently extended 
