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THE CLIFF RUINS OF CANYON DE CHELLY (ETH. ANN. 16 
Fic. 24—Ground plan of ruin No. 10. 
eastern side, near the floor level. In 
the southern wall a piece of rough 
timber was inlaid in the masonry, 
about 5 feet above the floor, flush 
with the wall inside and extending 
nearly through it. This piece of 
timber was crooked and its bend 
determined the wall line, which is 
bowed outward, as shown on the 
ground plan. This feature will be 
discussed later. 
There were two circular kivas in 
the village, one of which was unusu- 
ally small, being only about 10 feet 
in diameter north and south; the 
east-and-west diameter is a trifle 
smaller, There was apparently no 
bench in the interior, but on the 
western or northwestern side there 
is a bench-like recess of about a 
foot which occupies 7 feet of the 
circumference. The whole interior 
was covered with a number of 
washes of clay, applied one over 
another, forming a coating now 
nearly three-quarters of an inch 
thick. This is cracked and peeled 
off in places, and in the section 
eighteen coats, generally about one 
thirty-second of an inch thick, may 
be counted. Each coat or plaster- 
ing is defined by a film of smoke- 
blackened surface. 
On a level about 2 feet above the 
bench and about 5 feet above the 
present ground surface, there seems 
to have been some kind of roof. 
The stones here project into the in- 
terior slightly beyond the wall sur- 
face, and the plaster seems to curve 
inward. This point or level is from 
6 to 18 inches below the top of the 
wall, and here there are remains of 
occasional small sticks, about an inch 
in diameter, which projected into the 
kiva. They are irregularly disposed 
