"i 
MINDELEFF ] CHIMNEY-LIKE STRUCTURES 185 
extended only partly around the interior, which had a continuous sur- 
face at the floor level, except on the southwest. At this point it is 
interrupted to give place to an elaborate chimney-like structure. Figure 
83 is a general view. 
The wall surface on the southern side of the kiva has been extended 
inward, as shown on the plan by a lighter shaded area. This was done 
at some period subsequent to the completion of the kiva, but whether 
it had any connection with the chimney-like structure could not be 
determined. The curtain or screen before the opening, which seems to 
be an invariable feature, is shown in both figures. 
In this example the tunnel does not pass through the masonry as in 
those previously described, but occurs in the form of a covered trough, 
shown in the illustration with the covering removed. It occupies the 
middle third of a large recess in the main wall of the kiva, and is con- 


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Fic. 81—Section of chimney-like structure in ruin No. 16. 
nected at its outer end with a vertical square shaft about a foot wide. 
This shaft is separated from the recess above the bench level by a wall 
only a few inches thick, composed of a single layer of stones. That 
portion of it which is above the tunnel is supported by a single round 
stick of wood, as shown in figure 83. The south or inner opening 
of the tunnel is reduced to two-thirds of the width elsewhere by a 
framing composed of bundles of sticks bound together with withes and 
heavily coated with mud mortar. This was not placed flush with the 
inner face, but a few inches back, and the whole structure gives an 
effect of unusual neatness and good workmanship. 
At various other points in the canyons examples of chimney-like 
structures occur, none, however, constructed on the elaborate plan of 
that last described. Two examples were found in the large rooms west 
of the tower in the central portion of Mummy Cave ruin, and these are 
