D. J. Macgowan on Chinese Horology. 245 
to revolve around a figure of the earth, represented as a plain, 
from east to west. Images of men struck the hour, and its parts, 
In this, however, as in all the aforenamed instruments, the sounds 
struck were doubtless always the same, as the Chinese do not 
count the hours. Another machine was constructed which also 
represented the motions of the heavenly bodies. It was-a huge 
hollow globe, containing lights, and perforated on its surface, so 
as to afford in the dark a good representation of the heavens. 
This also was set in motion. by falling water. Subsequent -to 
this, various machines are mentioned, but the brief notices given 
afford nothing of interest until we approach the close of the 
Yuen dynasty, the middle of the fourteenth century. Shung- 
tsing, the last of the race of the great Genghis Khian, depicted 
ticles, as their name implies. 
In dialling, the Chinese have never accomplished anything, 
being deficient in the requisite knowledge of astronomy and 
mathematics. It is true, jection of the shadow of the 
gnomon was carefully observed at the earliest historic period, but 
this was for astronomical purposes only.* Proper sun dials were 
* It was by a the ancient Chinese endeavored to ascertain the centre 
of the earth? fgets: of the length of the solstitial shadow, made at Loy- 
ang, on the Yellow River, 1200 B. ©, was found by ot ‘Humbold 
in Cosmos, vol. ii, p. 115) to accord perfectly with the theory of the obliquity of the 
ecliptic, which was only established at. the close of the last century, 
