282 Scientific Intelligence. 
I propose to illustrate these views by a consideration of some results 
at which IJ have arrived ina new 
microscopy—viz.: spermatology, or that which relates to the intimate 
conditions and relations of this branch of science. tae 
In embryological studies, we commence with the simple ovarian cell, 
or even still further back, with its nucleus. This we trace upward 
until it has grown toa perfect cell. We then watch the endogenous 
formation of the cells within it, until it is a great compound: cell, which 
is called the ovum; and then we observe the modification of its con- 
tents into a symmetrically-shaped body, which is the new being. Now, 
throughout the animal kingdom, not only has this primitive ovarian cell 
the same material aspect, but the same is true of the great compoun 
cell or ovum. This, then, is the fundamental point in all development 
—and from the most careful examination with the highest and best ml- 
eroscopical instruments, we are unable to. perceive why one cell should 
give rise to a spider, while another, appearing exactly like it, should 
give rise to a bird. W reason only from what we know, an@ } 
iz. 
a spider or a bird, has, ia the cell, no material expression by whic » 
can be determined, but that it resides as a simple, pure force of indi- 
Some may call it a dynamic power inherent in the cell, but this is 
only ex ing the same in different terms. We have, then, In 4 Sit 
gle cell, the complete idea of ‘a bird existing not as a material condi- 
. en 
. . . > . : - 
allied Species unite, and there is in the offspring a union 0 the charac 
teristics of each, this last could have occurred only at the time of fe- 
cundation, when the ovum was m mpound cell, and when it 
is 
ts udr 
Miller. He ‘The simple embryo, which consists of a granular 
shapeless substance, Ll rded as the potential whole of the fu- 
ture animal, supplied with the essential and specific force of the future 
