NORTH AMERICAN CADDIS-FLY LARVE. 
On the mesothorax the dorsal plates are straw yellow, with a 
few dark oval spots. 
The metathorax is without chitinous plates. 
The legs are illustrated in figures 178, 179, and 180. On the 
middle leg the tarsal claw is forked near its tip; the basal joint is 
slightly curved and is armed with about five thorns on its inner 
surface. he tibia is slightly curved and is armed with several 
prominent thorns on its inner surface. There is no indication of 
a suture in its femur. 
The hind leg has numerous long swimming hairs. The short 
basal segment of the femur is well marked. The trochanter is 
divided into a short basal and long apical piece. 
The Abdomen.—Gills are absent on this species, though they 
are present on the species of the genus in the European fauna. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE Case.—The case has the form of an elon- 
gate cone. It is made of pale yellow transparent silk, through 
which the color and form of the bright green larva or pupa can 
be distinctly seen. Under a lens the separate strands of silk can 
be plainly seen, wound in spiral form like the leaf fragments in 
the case of Triznodes. 
The case of the pupa, figure 181, has a convex disc of silk 
across its cephalic end. In the center of this disc there is a small 
circular opening. At the caudal end of the pupa’s body, about 
one third from the caudal end of the,case, there is a strongly con- 
vex partition of silk with a comparatively large circular opening 
in its center. Through this opening the caudal appendages of the 
pupa sometimes project, and through it the cast skin of the last 
larval molt is eliminated. 
FAMILY MOLANNID-. 
In the American fauna only the genus Molanna has known im- 
mature stages. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE LARva:.—The gula is subquadrate, widely 
separating the pleure. The pronotum and mesonotum are chiti- 
nized, the metanotum membranous. The prosternal horn is lack- 
ing. All three spacing-humps are present on the first abdominal 
segment. 
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