62 THe Orrawa NaTuRALIsT. | May 
dark green stripe down the back. The caterpillars as they grow 
larger become more voracious and the leaves of our first clover 
plant, if we have more than a dozen caterpillars feeding upon it, 
wili now probably be much eaten. When the caterpillars have 
ceased teedizg preparatory to the third moult, some of them may 
be removed to a fresh plant. ‘This is done, not by taking them 
from their silken mats, but by cutting off the whole leaf upon 
which they are resting and dropping it in among the leaves of the 
other food plant. After the third moult they will crawl up on to 
the leaves of the new plant and will be seen to have improved in 
appearance. They are now three-fifths of an inch in length, the 
lateral stripe is more distinct and marked with red on some of the 
front segments. In some specimens black lunate spots occur 
beneath the stripe. In the next and final stage the colors are 
more intense, the body being dark velvety green above and a 
crimson line runs down the centre of the side stripe on which the 
breathing pores or spiracles are situated. When full grown these 
caterpillars are over an inch in length; they then begin to wander 
from the food plant, unless confined in a gauze cage, and look for 
a suitable place to change to the chrysalis condition. There a 
mat of silk is spun over the surface with a button of pink silk at 
one end. The hind feet are attached to the button and the front 
legs are hooked into the silk of the mat. After resting for some 
hours the caterpillar spins a very slender girdle from side to side 
of its body, and then slips it over its head and rests upon it. 
While the girdle is being spun it is passed several times over a 
small cushion-shaped organ beneath the neck of the caterpillar, 
evidently to strengthen the cord. 
The chrysalis is about an inch long, somewhat, 
but not quite, like Fig. 3, is apple-green in color 
and has a yellow stripe down each side. About 
six days after it is formed the color of the future 
Hig. 3- butterfly begins to show, and the exciting period 
of watching for the perfect insect begins. As a rule about the 
ninth day the critical moment arrives, and lucky is the watcher 
who is fortunate enough to see the emergence of the butterfly. 
The above account gives only in a general way the life-history 
of the Clouded Sulphur Butterfly ; there are many other points of 
interest which will be discovered by an observant student, some 
of which have beeh purposely left untold. In addition there is 
always much variation in the way in which, even in the same 
brood, some individuals develop when compared with others. 
Notiag these differences demands just such an attitude of mind 
as Nature study calls for, together with close observation and 
constant attention so as to cultivate the powers of perception. 
