Order ORTHOPTERA. 



This order contains the grasshoppers, katydids, roaches and crickets, by far 

 the greater portion of which are feeders upon vegetation, and therefore actu- 

 ally or potentially injurious. The mouth parts are mandibulate i. e., built for 

 chewing, hence stomach poisons are indicated whenever they can be usefully 

 employed. 



In all the species the fore-wings are narrower and of firmer texture than the 

 secondaries and serve as covers merely, not as organs of flight. The second- 

 aries are folded more or less fan-like and usually hidden by the primaries, their 

 general shape being triangular and the texture thin and membraneous. The 

 metamorphosis is incomplete, and in some cases where the wings in the adults 

 are short or undeveloped the difference between pupal and adult condition is 

 not readily seen except by the specialist. 



My own collections in this order have been fair, and data have been received 

 from a number of other sources. Prof. Lawrence Bruner, of the University of 

 Nebraska, who is authority in this order, has kindly revised the manuscript, 

 and it probably represents very fairly the actual fauna of the order as it occurs 

 in this State. Special acknowledgment should be made to Mr. Beutenmuller's 

 list of the Orthoptera of the vicinity of New York. 



Family BLATTIDJE. 



Commonly known as "roaches " They are flattened, soft in texture, with 

 long, slender antennae or feelers and stout long spiny legs fitted for rapid run- 

 ning. They live in crevices, under bark or stones in the woods or in cracks 

 between boards and other hiding places in houses. Their favorite haunt is 



Fig. 65. — The Croton bug, Phyllodromia germanica : a, minute nymphs just hatched , 



b, second, c, third, d, fourth stage; e, adult male, /, female with egg 



case attached ; h, adult witli wings spread, — all natural 



size ; g, egg case, enlarged. 



(149) 



