Order LEPIDOPTERA. 



This order contains the butterflies and moths, easily recognized by the scaly 

 clothing, which, except in rare cases, covers the body and wings, both pairs of 

 which are used in flight. The head is connected with the thorax by a distinct 

 neck, and the mouth parts are developed into a long tube-like tongue coiled 

 between the palpi when at rest, and used only for sucking up liquid food. In 

 the adult stage the insects are therefore harmless, and, indeed, the butterflies 



add much to the beauty of the fields and roads 

 by their bright coloring, when flitting from 

 flower to flower in the sunshine. 



The larva? of these handsome creatures are cat- 

 erpillars, with mouth parts formed for chewing 

 and biting, feeding mainly upon growing vegeta- 

 tion, and therefore distinctly injurious. When- 

 ever they feed openly the arsenites or other 

 stomach poisons are available against them. 



In this order the collections are good in the 

 Macro-lepidoptera, and probably few species will 

 be added in most of the families listed ; but in 

 the Micro— or small — lepidoptera, much work 

 yet remains to be done. 

 As the order is listed here it differs totally from the arrangement in the first 

 edition. In no order has the classification been so completely changed, and it 

 has not been easy to connect the two lists : in fact in many cases it has not 

 been even attempted, though usually a portion at least of the terms used in the 

 old list have been cited as synonyms, to afford a clue where most needed. These 

 synonyms, by-the-bye, must be strictly taken to refer only to the names as used 

 in this list, and the citation means no more than that the names grouped here 

 under one name were, in whole or in part, found under the name printed in 

 the first edition. 



In a general way the arrangement suggested by Dr. Harrison G. Dyar has 

 been followed, but Hampson, Packard and Carpenter have also been compared, 

 the present list agreeing with neither, but forming a compromise in order to 

 retain so far as possible the family and sub-family terms at present in use in the 

 published lists. 



Fig 166. 



-Wing scales of Lepi- 

 doptera. 



Series PAPILIOIMIDES. 



These are the butterflies, or day-flies, characterized by having the antennae 

 enlarged into a club at the tip, whence they have also been called Rhopalocera , 

 or club-horned. They are usually of moderate or large size, brightly colored 

 and marked as a rule, and the wings, when at rest, are held upright or vertically 

 except in the skippers or Hesperidai, where the fore-wings are vertical and the 

 hind-wings are horizontal. 



24 ENT (369) 



