704 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 





■argenteus and Laphystia sexfasciata hold forth. Avalon, Anglesea and Cape 

 May are excellent places for collecting." 



" The three divisions referred to are best shown on a geological map: the 

 first includes the alluvial soil of the river and the cretaceous marls ; the second 

 the tertiary sands and gravel, and the third the alluvial soil of the ocean and 

 bay." 



Mr. Wenzel writes, concerning his grounds: "The vicinity of Gloucester, 

 Westville and Woodbury are practically the same. Several small creeks empty 

 into the Delaware near these places, and at Westville, along the river front, is 

 a fine sandy beach. The woods are deciduous, with an occasional patch of 

 conifers, and very little old timber is found." 



"Clementon, about 12 miles from Camden on the Atlantic City R. R., has a 

 number of fine lakes with the usual aquatic plants. During the summer a 

 great variety of flowers is found. The woods are deciduous and coniferous, 

 with the old timber fast disappearing." 



"Atco, about five miles further down the road, has almost the same growth, 

 with a few cranberry bogs and a cedar swamp. The insect fauna seems to 

 change here, as a number of species have been taken which are not recorded 

 further west on the road." 



" DaCosta, a flag station on the same road, about 30 miles from Camden and 

 about half way to the ocean, is in the pine barrens, and here the scrub oak and 

 scattering pines predominate. A number of southern and other interesting 

 species have been found here, including the only known examples of Dorcus 

 brevis. During the summer the heat is intense, no water is found near by and 

 in a droughty season forest fires are numerous. In spring the season starts 

 about two weeks later than at Camden." 



The belt of laminated sand and clay marls to which Mr. Johnson has referred 

 crosses the State diagonally from Trenton, on the Delaware, to the mouth of 

 the Raritan river, a triangular extension east of that river reaching a few miles 

 further north. The northern portion of this strip contains the potter and fire 

 clays and sands. To the south and east it merges into the shore district. 



Northwest of this is a broad belt of Triassic red sandstone, commonly known 

 as the red shale, averaging about 20 miles in width, broadest on the Delaware, 

 and this becomes hilly and irregular northwardly. It is broken by a line of 

 trap forming the palisades and by the irregular though generally parallel ridges 

 of the Orange or Watchung Mts., which are also of the Triassic trap. Sour- 

 land Mountain and some smaller ridges extend northeast from the Delaware, 

 and all these ridges are shown on the relief map. 



North of this comes a belt of Archsean, broken by ridges of limestone from 

 the Silurian and Devonian series, and small points and narrow ridges of the 

 Archjean series. Small areas of Hudson river slate and Silurian sandstone also 

 occur, and a belt of Hudson river slate crosses the northwestern corner of the 

 State parallel with the Delaware river to the New York line. This is bounded 

 along its southeasterly margin by limestone, and is also interrupted by a broad 

 limestone belt extending from the Delaware river two-thirds of the distance 

 across the State. Then come in succession, parallel to the Delaware and 

 within five miles of it, narrow belts of Oneida conglomerate, Medina sand- 

 stone, Oriskany sandstone and limestones. These formations all cross the State 

 diagonally from the southwest to the northeast, and extend from the Delaware 



