1 897-] "Weather." 6i 



approach of cold weather. Cattle men in the west find the 

 warnings of great value. Cranberry growers as a class have 

 special warnings sent to them. Within the last year or so, in 

 the lall of the year with the approach of winter, the Washington 

 office issues a chart showing the snow line or the southerly 

 limit where the snow has fallen. With this information in hand 

 the wholesale dealer in rubber shoes or other footwear directs 

 his commercial travellers where to go in order to meet with most 

 success. The Jiirectorof the Weather Bureau at Washington 

 told me recently of the great favor this addition ot snow line on 

 the charts found in commercial centres. 



Ice men, espi'jicially those farther south than Ottawa, where 

 the boreal fruit does not obtain such large dimensions, know 

 of the practical value of forecasts, as for instance in 1891 they 

 harvested their ice before it had reached the average thickness 

 because of warning of a thaw. Enough of references have been 

 given to show the great pecuniary value of forecasts. The 

 Meteorological Service is essentially a paying investment by the 

 Government. 



At the close of the lecture Mr. Klotz had some weather 

 maps, kindly loaned by Mr. R. F. Stupart, Director of the 

 Meteorological Service, thrown on to the screen. By means of 

 the map, isobars were explained, together with the areas of high 

 and low barometer ; several storms were traced in their daily 

 course across the continent, disappearing in the Atlantic. A 

 West India hurricane was traced up the Atlantic coast. 



in speaking of rain the leturerer said that all available 

 records of precipitation had been unable to verify the belief held 

 by some that deforestation affected the annual rainfall. If it is 

 affected the effect is wholly masked by other and greater influ- 

 ences. However, deforestation shows its effects markedly in 

 other directions, especially in floods and in local climatic condi- 

 tions. 



The graphic representations given greatly elucidated much 

 of the subject treated in the lecture, especially with reference to 

 the method of making the daily forecasts or ' Probs." 



References : — 



Greely : American Weather. 

 Waldo : Meteorology. 

 Inwards : Presidential Address. 



