It ranges from the deep harbours and fjords along the coast to 
the outer fishing banks at the edge of the continent many miles 
from land, in fact wherever suitable depths occur. We have shown 
by the lined area on the chart in figure 3 the extent of the bottom 
on which it lives, and it is indeed very great. The circles show 
where the actual captures of the fish were made, upon which we 
have based our chart, while the crosses give the places where the 
eggs or fry have been taken. The correspondence is not exact, 
since the latter are frequently carried by currents away from the 
places where the adults live. 
The plaice seems to prefer to live on soft mud or fine sand, but 
is not strictly limited to such kinds of bottom. It perhaps moves 
to a slight extent toward the shore in the cold part of the year and 
away from it during the summer, but this movement does not seem 
to be very distinct. 
ABUNDANCE. 
Towards the north the plaice is, after the cod, the most abun- 
dant fish occurring at moderate depths and the total quantity must 
therefore be very great. We have made a provisional estimate 
of the amount available, which is based upon the quantity of cod 
landed yearly and the abundance of the plaice relative to the cod. 
They have practically the same distribution both in depth and in 
extent from north to south and they are taken together on the 
fishermen’s lines. Fifteen experimental sets of the line trawl were 
made in the gulf of St. Lawrence at various depths and times during 
the summer of 1917. Many of these sets were much more favour- 
able for taking the migratory cod than the stationary plaice, as 
they were made in shallow water that was only temporarily suitable 
for these fishes. We found the cod to be ten times as numerous 
as the plaice and to weigh twenty times as much. If now we take 
this to be the average relation between the two fishes, there must 
be from seven to ten million pounds of plaice thrown overboard by 
the fishermen each year, for from one and a half to two million 
hundredweight of cod are landed yearly at Canadian Atlantic 
ports. If the plaice were marketed at current rates for the fresh 
fish, it would mean for the fishermen an additional revenue of 
about $300,000 and the retail value would be from one-half to one 
million dollars yearly. This estimate is based upon definite, though 
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