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monotonous form extending parallel with the mountain 

 chain. 



In the North of Behring Isl. along the western shore 

 there are sand-hills. The largest sand-hills in breadth and 

 height are those near the Nicolsky village, as they are 

 almost perpendicular with the mountain chain; they extend 

 as far as the N. W. cape, interrupted in this extension 

 by two basaltic eruptions. The sand-hills situated towards 

 the South of the colony are parallel with the mountain 

 chain and lie direct upon it. The distribution and growth 

 of the sand-hills still continues at the present time; they 

 fill the swamp, raising its level and moving into the sea, 

 increase the space of shallow shore, always moving the 

 port of the village. On Copper Isl. there are only two 

 places known, where there are sand-hills; there the}' 

 connect with the mountain chain, the S. Eastern part of 

 the Copper-Island, which was formerly a separate island, — 

 and a small mountain-chain, lying separately, is connec- 

 ted with the range. The nature of the shore, the alluvial 

 sand was the means of giving its name to some places 

 called Sand-bays (there are several on the island). 



Insignicant sand-hills are to be found near the Korabel- 

 nowskoie village, where they filled up a bay, that had 

 been there before. The sand-hills are of great economic 

 value to the local population owing to the fact, that the 

 snow on the tops of the sand-hills does not stay there 

 long and cannot attain any depth, these hills serve as a 

 splendid pasture-land for cattle in winter. But in conse- 

 quence of continual pasture, the sant-hills have no oppor- 

 tunity of being densely covered, nor of gaining strength 

 by the growing grass. (The principal plants strenghtening 

 the sand-hills are different kinds of hedgehog-grass). In 

 places where there is no pasture of cattle, the sand-hills 

 are covered with various, but low vegetation. The most 

 instructive denudations are to be found on Behring Isl. 

 Fossils, somewhat well preserved, are to be observed 

 when mounting the Stolovoi hills and in the valley of 



