P^CILOPODA. 
263 
females by the form of the forceps, which terminate the two or four 
anterior feet : they are inflated and deprived of the moveable toe. 
The two last feet of this shield are united in the form of a large, 
membranous, and almost semi-circular leaflet, having the sexual 
organs on its posterior face, and presenting, in the middle of an 
emargination of the posterior margin, two small, triangular, elongated, 
and pointed divisions, which appear to represent the internal toes of 
the forceps ; the other articulations are indicated by sutures. The 
second piece of the shell, articulated with the first in the middle of 
its posterior emargination, and filling the interval it forms, is nearly 
triangular, and is angularly truncated and emarginated at its posterior 
extremity. Its lateral edges are alternately emarginated anddentated, 
and in the middle of each of the emarginations, counting from the 
second, is an elongated and moveable spine, six on each side. Inclosed 
in the inferior cavity, and disposed in pairs on two longitudinal 
ranges, are ten fin-like feet, almost similar in form to the two last, 
but simply united at base, laid one on the other, and bearing, on 
their posterior face, the branchiae, which appear to be composed of 
numerous and crowded fibres arr.mged on the same plane one against 
the other. The anus is situated at the inferior root of the stylet 
terminating the body. According to an observation communicated 
to us by M. Straus, we only find in the interior of the first shield, 
besides the brain, a single sub-oesophagal ganglion *. The two 
nervous cords are then prolonged into the interior of the second 
shield, forming there, and at the oi'igin of the bi’anchial feet, some 
small ganglia, which send branches to those organs. According to 
Cuvier, the heart, as in the Stomapoda, is a large vessel furnished 
internally with fleshy columns, extending along the back, and giving 
out branches on both sides. A wrinkled oesophagus, ascending in 
front, leads to a very muscular gizzai’d, lined with a cartilaginous 
kind of velvet, studded with tubercles, and followed by a wide and 
straight intestine. The liver pours its bile into the intestine by two 
ducts on each side. A great portion of the shell is filled by the ova- 
ries in the female, arid by the testes in the male. 
These animals are sometimes found two feet in length ; they inha- 
bit the seas of hot climates, and most generally frequent their shores. 
They appear to me to be proper to the East Indies and the coast of 
America. The species found in France — L. cyclops — is commonly 
called the Casserole(^a), from its having some resemblance to the form 
of that utensil, and because, when the feet are. removed, its shell is 
used to hold water. Major Le Conte, one of the most intelligent of 
naturalists in the United States, and who has so largely contributed 
to advance the science of entomology by his discoveries and re- 
searches, states that it is given to the hogs. Savages employ the stylet 
of the tail to point their arrows, which, thus armed, are much 
* The two anterior feet may represent the mandibles of the Decapoda, the four 
following ones their jaws, and the last six their foot-jaws ; those of the second shield 
would correspond to the thoracic feet. 
{^ 1 ^ («) The h'ing-rrah, of American fishermen, or the IIoisc-5hor. Very common on 
the coast of New Jersey. — Eng. Ed. 
