pulmonaria;. 
313 
feed, pierce them with their sting by directing it forwards, and then 
pass their prey through their chelicerae and jaws. They are particu- 
larly fond of the eggs of Spiders and of Insects. 
The wound occasioned by the sting of the europceus is not usually 
dangerous. That of the Scorpion of Souvignargues, of Maupertius, 
of the species which I have named Roussatre (occitanus), and which 
is larger than the preceding one, according to the experiments of 
Dr. Maccary courageously tried upon himself, produces serious and 
alarming sj'^mptoms ; the older the animal the more active seems to 
be the poison. The remedy employed is the volatile alkali, used 
externally and internally. 
Soiue naturalists have asserted that the European species produce 
two generations in the year. That which appears to me to be the 
most unequivocally ascertained occurs in August. The female in 
coitu is laid on her back. According to Maccary she changes her 
teguments previous to the production of her young. The male ex- 
periences a similar alteration at the same epoch. 
The young are produced at various intervals. The mother cai’ries 
them on her back for several days, during which time she never 
leaves her retreat, and watches over them for a month, when they 
are strong enough to establish themselves elsewhere, and provide for 
their subsistence. Two years are required to qualify them for con- 
tinuing their species. 
Some have eight eyes r ttiev form the genus Buthus of Leach. 
S. afer, L., Fab.; Africuti Scorpion, "Bees., Insect., 3, Ixv; 
Herbst., Monog. Scorp., 1. Five or six inches long, and of a 
blackish brown ; forceps large, cordate, rough and somewhat 
hairy; anterior edge of the thorax deeply emarginate; thirteen 
teeth to each comb. From the East Indies, Ceylon. 
S. roussdtre ; S. occitanus. Amor. ; S. tunetanus, Herbst. 
Monog. Scorp. Ill, 3 ; Buthus occitanus, Leach, Zool. Miscell., 
cxliii. Yellowish or reddish ; tail rather longer than the body, 
with elevated and finely crenulated lines. Upwards of twenty- 
eight teeth — fifty-two to sixty-five, Maccary — to each comb. 
From the south of Europe, Barbary, &c. — Very common in 
Spain. 
The others have but six eyes ; they compose the genus Scorpio, 
properly so called, of the same naturalist. 
S. europceus, L., Fab.; Herbst. Monog. Scorp., Ill, 1, 2, 
Brown, more or less dark ; legs and last joint of the tail paler or 
yellowish ; forceps cordate and angular ; nine teeth to each comb. 
From the extreme southern and eastern departments of France. 
ORDER IT. 
TRACHEARI^. 
The Arachnides which compose this order differ from those of the 
preceding one in their organs of respiration, which consist of radi- 
