68 MAMMALIA. 
2. The Phyllostomes with a tail involved in the inter-femoral membrane. 
V. hastatus, L. Buff. XII. xxxiii. (The Javelin Bat). Nasal 
leaf in the form of a javelin, with entire borders*. 
3. The Phyllostomes with the tail free above the membrane. 
P. crenulatum, Geoff. Ann. du Mus. XV. pl. 10. (The Crenu- 
lated or Indented Javelin Bat). The nasal leaf in the form of a 
javelin notched in its border. 
M. Geoffroy, Mem. du Mus. IV. p. 418, separates from the Phyllos- 
tomes those species whose tongues are narrow, and extensible, and fur- 
nished with papille resembling hairs—he calls them GLossoPHaGa. 
All species are likewise from America}. 
In the second great tribe of Bats the index has only one bony phalanx, 
while all the other fingers have two each. 
This tribe is also divided into several subgenera. 
MercapERMA, Geoff. Ann. du Mus. XV. 
Which have on the nose a leaf, more complicated than that of the Phyl- 
lostomes; the tragus large and most commonly bifurcated; the conchs of 
the ear very ample and united one with the other on the top of the head; 
tongue and lips smooth; the inter-femoral membrane entire, and no tail. 
They have four incisors below, but there are none above, and their inter - 
maxillary bone remains cartilaginous. 
They are all from the old continent, either from Africa, as the Leaf 
from Senegal for instance, (Meg. Frons., Geoff). with the nasal leaf 
oval and nearly as large as the head; or from the Indian Archipelago, 
as the Spasma of Ternate, Vespert. Spasma, L., Seb. I. tv1.—La 
Lyre, Geoff. Ann. Mus. XV. pl. 12.—Le Tréfle de Java, Id. ib., 
&c. They are distinguished from each other by the figure of their 
leaves, as in the Phyllostomes. 
RuinoLopuus, (Geoff. and Cuv.) commonly called The Horse-Shoe Bats. 
Which have the nose furnished with very complex membranes and crests 
laid upon the chanfrin, presenting the figure of a horse-shoe; the tail is 
long and placed in the inter-femoral membrane. There are four incisors 
below, and two very small ones above in a cartilaginous inter-maxillary 
bone. 
There are two species of them in France which are very common, 
discovered by Daubenton. 
R. bifer, Geoff., Ann. Mus. XX. pl. 5; Vesp. ferrum equinum, 
L., (the Great Horse-Shoe Bat); and Vesp. hipposideros, Bechst. 
(the Small Horse-Shoe Bat); Buff. VIII. xvu, 2 and 20; Geoff. 
loc. cit., both of which inhabit quarries, remaining isolated there, 
* Add Philost. elongatum, Geoff., Ann. Mus, XV. ix. 
+ Vespertilio soricinus, Pall. Spicil. Fascic. III. pl. 3 and 4, copied Buff. Supp. 
Ill. pl. 53.—Glossoph. amplexicaudatus, Geoff. Mem. Mus. IV. pl. 18, F. C.—Gi. 
eaudifer, Id. ib. pl. 17, fig, A. and B. 
