CARNARIA. 71 
Finally, the NycrtcrEs (Rafinesque), have, along with moderate sized 
ears and the simple muzzle of the Bats, two incisors only in the upper 
jaw. The known species are from North America*. 
Ga.eoritHeEcus, Pall. 
The Galeopitheci differ generically from the Bats by the fingers of their 
hands being furnished with trenchant nails, which are not longer than 
those of the feet, so that the membrane which occupies the spaces between 
them, and which is continued as far as the tail, cannot perform any other 
functions than those of a parachute(a). The canini are denticulated and 
short like the molars. There are two upper denticulated incisors widely 
separated from each other; below there are six, split into narrow strips, 
like combs, a structure altogether peculiar to this genus. These animals 
live on trees in the Indian Archipelago, among which they pursue insects, 
and perhaps birds. If we can judge by the injury the teeth sustain when 
they become old, they must use fruit also. Their cecum is very large. 
One species only is well ascertained, the lying Lemur of Linnzus. 
Audeb., Galeop., pl. 1 and 2. Fur greyish red above, reddish be- 
low; spotted and striped with various shades of grey when young. 
From the Moluccas and Sunda islands, &c. 
All the other Carnaria have the mamme situated under the abdomen. 
FAMILY IL. 
= 
INSECTIVORA.—INSECT EATERS. 
Tue animals of this family, like the Cheiroptera, have grinders studded 
with conical points, and lead most commonly a nocturnal or subterraneous 
life. Their principal food is Insects, and in cold climates many of them 
pass the winter in a lethargic(b) state. Unlike the Bats, they have no 
Rafinesque, &c.; and while on this subject, we must observe that there is no family 
which stands more in need of revision than that of the Bats—a revision from nature 
and not by compilation. 
* Vespertilio lasiurus, Schreb., LXIT. B.—V. noveboracensis, Penn. Quadr., pl. 31, 
fig. 2.—Vesp. borbonicus, Geoff., Ann. Mus. VIII. pl. 46. 
€F (a) Parachute is a French word, which signifies an apparatus to prevent a fall. 
It strictly applies to a well-known appendage of the air-balloon, which is formed 
like an umbrella, and is employed by rial navigators in their descent from the 
upper regions to the earth, as it is capable, by the resistance which its expansion 
offers to the atmosphere, of retarding the fall— Ene. Ep. 
® (>) The lethargy of these hybernating animals has lately received consider- 
able scientific attention in this country. Dr. Marshall Hall, after various experiments 
on Bats (Vespertiliones), the Hedgehog (Evinaceus Europeus), and the Dormouse 
(Myoaus Glis), comes to the conclusion that the winter lethargy of these animals is 
merely a state in which the phenomena characterizing natural sleep only are pre- 
