PACHYDERMATA. 155 
wards; the muzzle terminates by a sort of truncated button fitted for 
turning up the earth; the stomach is but slightly divided. 
Hogs, properly so called, have twenty-four or twenty-eight grinders, of 
which the posterior are oblong with tuberculous crowns, and the anterior 
more or less compressed, and six incisors in each jaw. 
S. scropha, L.; Buff. V. xiv. and xviii. The Wild Boar, which 
is the parent stock of our domestic Hog and its varieties, has pris- 
matic tusks that curve outwards and slightly upwards; the body 
short and thick; straight ears; the hair bristled and black; the 
young ones called Macassines are striped black and white. It does 
great injury to fields in the vicinity of forests, by tearing up the 
ground in search of roots. 
The Domestic Hog varies in size, in the height of its legs, in the 
direction of its ears, and in coiour, being sometimes white, and at 
others black, red, or varied. Every one is acquainted with the great 
utility of this animal, from the facility with which it is fed, the agree- 
able flavour of its flesh, the length of time it can be preserved by 
means of salt, and finally, from its fecundity, which greatly surpasses 
that of any other animal of its size, the female frequently producing 
as many as fourteen ata litter. The period of gestation is four 
months, and they produce twice a year. The hog continues to in- 
crease in size for five or six years, begins to be prolific at one, and 
sometimes lives for twenty. Although naturally savage, the wild 
boars and hogs are social animals, and know how to defend them- 
selves against wolves by forriing a circle, and shewing a front to the 
enemy in every direction. Voracious and clamorous, they do not 
even spare their own young. ‘This species is spread throughout the 
globe; and none but Jews and Mahometans refuse to eat its flesh. 
S. larvatus, Fr. Cuv.; SS. africanus, Schreb. CCCXXVII; 
Sanglier de Madagascar, Daub. MDCCCLXXXV; Samuel Daniels, 
Afric. Sceneay, pl. xxi. (The Masked Wild Boar.) Tusks like 
the common Hog; but on each side of the snout, near the tusks, is 
alarge tubercle, nearly similar to the mamma of a woman, supported 
by a bony prominence, which gives the animal a very singular ap- 
pearance. It inhabits Madagascar and the south of Africa. 
S. babirussa, Buff. Supp. III. xii. (The Babiroussa.) Higher 
and lighter on the legs than the others ; the tusks are long, slender, 
and turned vertically upwards; the upper ones inclining spirally 
backwards. From some of the islands in the Indian Archipelago. 
We may separate from the Hogs the 
Puacocuarus, Fred. Cuv.* 
The wart-bearing Hogs have the grinders composed of cylinders, ce- 
mented together by a kind of cortical substance, very similar to the 
transverse lamine of those of the Elephant, and like them succeeding 
each other from behind. The cranium is remarkably large; the rounded 
tusks, inclined laterally upwards, are of a frightful magnitude; and on 
* Phaco cherus, Hog with a wart. 
