158 MAMMALIA. 
There have been found under ground, in Siberia, and in different 
parts of Germany, the bones of a two-horned Rhinoceros, the 
cranium of which, besides being much more elongated than that of 
any living species, is also distinguished by a bony vertical partition 
that supported the bones of the nose. It is a lost species; and a 
nearly entire body, which was taken from the ice on the banks of the 
Vilhoui in Siberia, showed that it was covered with tolerably thick 
hair. Itis possible then that its habitat was to the north, like that 
of the fossil Elephant. 
In Tuscany, and in Lombardy, there have been disinterred, still 
more recently, other Rhinoceros bones, which seem to approximate 
much nearer to that of Africa. 
Some have been found in Germany with incisors like the Asiatic 
species; and lastly, some of their bones have been discovered in 
France, which announce a size hardly superior to that of the Hog. (a) 
Hyrax, Hermann. 
The Damans, as they are termed, have long been placed among the Ro- 
dentia, on account of their very small size; if, however, we examine them 
closely, we shall find, with the exception of the horn, they are Rhinoce- 
roses in miniature, at least they have exactly similar molars; but their 
upper jaw is furnished with two strong incisors curved downwards, and at 
an early age with two very small canines; the lower one has four incisors, 
but no canines. All of them having a sort of very small hoof, thin and 
rounded, with the exception of the inner toe of the hind foot, which is 
armed with a hooked and crooked nail. The muzzle and the ears are 
short; they are covered with hair, and have a tubercle in lieu of a tail. 
Their stomach is divided into two sacs, and besides a large cecum and 
several dilations of the colon, there are two appendages about the middle 
of the latter analogous to the two ceca of birds. 
There is one species known which is as large as a Rabbit, of a 
greyish colour, and tolerably common among the rocks of all Africa, 
where it frequently becomes the victim of birds of prey, and which 
also appears to inhabit some parts of Asia; at least we cannot per- 
ceive any certain difference between the Hyrax capensis and the 
H, syriacus, Buff. Supp. VI. xlii, xliii, and VII. Ixxix.* The 
PALHZOTHERIUM, Cuv., 
Is also a lost genus, with the same grinders as the two preceding, six in- 
cisors, and two canines in each jaw, like the Tapirs, and three visible toes 
(*) I have strong doubts of the authenticity of the Hyrax hudsonius, Bewick 407, 
and Schreb. CCXL. c. It has only been seen in a Museum. 
Kes" (a) The teeth of the fossil Rhinoceros have been found in England, and Dr. 
Buckland gives a section of one in his Relig, Diluv., which was taken out of Kirkdale 
eave. All these remains belong to diluyial deposits, or to those changes which were 
effected by the deluge. It is remarkable that the circumstances under which the 
bones of the Rhinoceros are found, serve to justify the conclusion, that these animals 
lived in troops with the Elephant.—En«. Ep. 
